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Exploring the predictive capabilities of language models in material science is an ongoing interest. This study investigates the application of language model embeddings to enhance material property prediction in materials science. By…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Yuwei Wan , Tong Xie , Nan Wu , Wenjie Zhang , Chunyu Kit , Bram Hoex

Discrete speech representation learning has recently attracted increasing interest in both acoustic and semantic modeling. Existing approaches typically encode 16 kHz waveforms into discrete tokens at a rate of 25 or 50 tokens per second.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jialong Zuo , Guangyan Zhang , Minghui Fang , Shengpeng Ji , Xiaoqi Jiao , Jingyu Li , Yiwen Guo , Zhou Zhao

Modern neural machine translation (NMT) models have achieved competitive performance in standard benchmarks. However, they have recently been shown to suffer limitation in compositional generalization, failing to effectively learn the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Yongjing Yin , Yafu Li , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou , Yue Zhang

Sentence embeddings are central to modern NLP and AI systems, yet little is known about their internal structure. While we can compare these embeddings using measures such as cosine similarity, the contributing features are not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Matthieu Tehenan , Vikram Natarajan , Jonathan Michala , Milton Lin , Juri Opitz

Representation learning plays a central role in structuring internal embeddings to capture the statistical properties of language, influencing the coherence and contextual consistency of generated text. Statistical Coherence Alignment is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Jonathan Gale , Godfrey Aldington , Harriet Thistlewood , Thomas Tattershall , Basil Wentworth , Vincent Enoasmo

Pre-trained transformer models shine in many natural language processing tasks and therefore are expected to bear the representation of the input sentence or text meaning. These sentence-level embeddings are also important in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Lukas Stankevičius , Mantas Lukoševičius

The current state-of-the-art task-oriented semantic parsing models use BERT or RoBERTa as pretrained encoders; these models have huge memory footprints. This poses a challenge to their deployment for voice assistants such as Amazon Alexa…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Prafull Prakash , Saurabh Kumar Shashidhar , Wenlong Zhao , Subendhu Rongali , Haidar Khan , Michael Kayser

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) demonstrate impressive performance across diverse tasks, ranging from speech recognition to general audio understanding. However, their scalability is limited by the quadratic complexity of attention and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-27 Saurabhchand Bhati , Samuel Thomas , Hilde Kuehne , Rogerio Feris , James Glass

We propose a new technique for computational language representation called elementwise embedding, in which a material (semantic unit) is abstracted into a horizontal concatenation of lower-dimensional element (character) embeddings. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Dunam Kim , Jeeeun Kim

Compositionality is a key aspect of human intelligence, essential for reasoning and generalization. While transformer-based models have become the de facto standard for many language modeling tasks, little is known about how they represent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Aishik Nagar , Ishaan Singh Rawal , Mansi Dhanania , Cheston Tan

Discrete audio representation, aka audio tokenization, has seen renewed interest driven by its potential to facilitate the application of text language modeling approaches in audio domain. To this end, various compression and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-21 Krishna C. Puvvada , Nithin Rao Koluguri , Kunal Dhawan , Jagadeesh Balam , Boris Ginsburg

Unified models aim to support both understanding and generation by encoding images into discrete tokens and processing them alongside text within a single autoregressive framework. This unified design offers architectural simplicity and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Ziyao Wang , Chen Chen , Jingtao Li , Weiming Zhuang , Jiabo Huang , Ang Li , Lingjuan Lyu

The increasing size of generative Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) has greatly increased the demand for model compression. Despite various methods to compress BERT or its variants, there are few attempts to compress generative PLMs, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Chaofan Tao , Lu Hou , Wei Zhang , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu , Ping Luo , Ngai Wong

Finding an optimal word representation algorithm is particularly important in terms of domain specific data, as the same word can have different meanings and hence, different representations depending on the domain and context. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Nouman Ahmed , Ronin Wu , Victor Botev

A representation technique that allows encoding music in a way that contains musical meaning would improve the results of any model trained for computer music tasks like generation of melodies and harmonies of better quality. The field of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Sebastian Garcia-Valencia

Multimodal representation learning produces high-dimensional embeddings that align diverse modalities in a shared latent space. While this enables strong generalization, it also introduces scalability challenges, both in terms of storage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Eleonora Grassucci , Giordano Cicchetti , Aurelio Uncini , Danilo Comminiello

Large language models (LLMs) face significant token efficiency bottlenecks in code generation and logical reasoning tasks, a challenge that directly impacts inference cost and model interpretability. This paper proposes a formal framework…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Lumen AI , Tengzhou No. 1 Middle School , Shihao Ji , Zihui Song , Fucheng Zhong , Jisen Jia , Zhaobo Wu , Zheyi Cao , Tianhao Xu

This work introduces Semantically Masked Vector Quantized Generative Adversarial Network (SQ-GAN), a novel approach integrating semantically driven image coding and vector quantization to optimize image compression for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Francesco Pezone , Sergio Barbarossa , Giuseppe Caire

Compressed file formats are the corner stone of efficient data storage and transmission, yet their potential for representation learning remains largely underexplored. We introduce TEMPEST (TransformErs froM comPressed rEpreSenTations), a…

High-dimensional token embeddings underpin Large Language Models (LLMs), as they can capture subtle semantic information and significantly enhance the modelling of complex language patterns. However, this high dimensionality also introduces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Mingxue Xu , Yao Lei Xu , Danilo P. Mandic
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