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Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel at visual understanding but often suffer from visual hallucinations, where they generate descriptions of nonexistent objects, actions, or concepts, posing significant risks in safety-critical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Tsung-Han Wu , Heekyung Lee , Jiaxin Ge , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Trevor Darrell , David M. Chan

Despite significant advancements, large multimodal models (LMMs) still struggle to bridge the gap between low-level visual perception -- focusing on shapes, sizes, and layouts -- and high-level language reasoning, such as semantics and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Zhenhailong Wang , Joy Hsu , Xingyao Wang , Kuan-Hao Huang , Manling Li , Jiajun Wu , Heng Ji

Vision language models (VLM) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various downstream tasks. However, understanding fine-grained visual-linguistic concepts, such as attributes and inter-object relationships, remains a significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Wujian Peng , Sicheng Xie , Zuyao You , Shiyi Lan , Zuxuan Wu

Human language is grounded on multimodal knowledge including visual knowledge like colors, sizes, and shapes. However, current large-scale pre-trained language models rely on text-only self-supervised training with massive text data, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Weizhi Wang , Li Dong , Hao Cheng , Haoyu Song , Xiaodong Liu , Xifeng Yan , Jianfeng Gao , Furu Wei

The limited capacity for fine-grained visual perception presents a critical bottleneck for Vision-Language Models (VLMs) in real-world applications. Addressing this is challenging due to the scarcity of high-quality data and the limitations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Juntian Zhang , Song Jin , Chuanqi Cheng , Yuhan Liu , Yankai Lin , Xun Zhang , Yufei Zhang , Fei Jiang , Guojun Yin , Wei Lin , Rui Yan

Visual-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in image captioning, visual question answering, and visual reasoning. Yet they remain prone to vision-language misalignment, often producing overly generic or hallucinated…

The increasing integration of Visual Language Models (VLMs) into visualization systems demands a comprehensive understanding of their visual interpretation capabilities and constraints. While existing research has examined individual…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Saugat Pandey , Alvitta Ottley

Vision Large Language Models (VLMs) combine visual understanding with natural language processing, enabling tasks like image captioning, visual question answering, and video analysis. While VLMs show impressive capabilities across domains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Ahmed Sharshar , Latif U. Khan , Waseem Ullah , Mohsen Guizani

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) often yield inconsistent descriptions of the same object across viewpoints, hindering the ability of embodied agents to construct consistent semantic representations over time. Previous methods resolved…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Tommaso Galliena , Stefano Rosa , Tommaso Apicella , Pietro Morerio , Alessio Del Bue , Lorenzo Natale

With the ever-increasing popularity of pretrained Video-Language Models (VidLMs), there is a pressing need to develop robust evaluation methodologies that delve deeper into their visio-linguistic capabilities. To address this challenge, we…

Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance by effectively integrating visual and textual information to solve complex tasks. However, it is not clear how these models reason over the visual and textual data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Pouya Pezeshkpour , Moin Aminnaseri , Estevam Hruschka

Advances in vision language models (VLMs) have enabled the simulation of general human behavior through their reasoning and problem solving capabilities. However, prior research has not investigated such simulation capabilities in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Rosiana Natalie , Wenqian Xu , Ruei-Che Chang , Rada Mihalcea , Anhong Guo

Visual Language Models (VLMs) are essential for various tasks, particularly visual reasoning tasks, due to their robust multi-modal information integration, visual reasoning capabilities, and contextual awareness. However, existing \VLMs{}'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Zaiqiao Meng , Hao Zhou , Yifang Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in robotic procedural planning, yet their human-centric reasoning often omits the low-level, grounded details needed for robotic execution. Vision-language models (VLMs) offer a path toward…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Chan Young Park , Jillian Fisher , Marius Memmel , Dipika Khullar , Seoho Yun , Abhishek Gupta , Yejin Choi

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) trained with visual instruction tuning have achieved strong performance across diverse tasks, yet they remain limited in vision-centric tasks such as object counting or spatial reasoning. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Heeji Yoon , Jaewoo Jung , Junwan Kim , Hyungyu Choi , Heeseong Shin , Sangbeom Lim , Honggyu An , Chaehyun Kim , Jisang Han , Donghyun Kim , Chanho Eom , Sunghwan Hong , Seungryong Kim

Vision-language models (VLMs) have recently emerged as powerful representation learning systems that align visual observations with natural language concepts, offering new opportunities for semantic reasoning in safety-critical autonomous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Ross Greer , Maitrayee Keskar , Angel Martinez-Sanchez , Parthib Roy , Shashank Shriram , Mohan Trivedi

In our work, we explore the synergistic capabilities of pre-trained vision-and-language models (VLMs) and large language models (LLMs) on visual commonsense reasoning (VCR) problems. We find that VLMs and LLMs-based decision pipelines are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Kaiwen Zhou , Kwonjoon Lee , Teruhisa Misu , Xin Eric Wang

Vision-language models (VLMs) exhibit affirmation bias: a systematic tendency to select positive captions ("X is present") even when the correct description contains negation ("no X"). While prior work has documented this failure mode in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Charikleia Moraitaki , Sarah Pan , Skyler Pulling , Gwendolyn Flusche , Kumail Alhamoud , Marzyeh Ghassemi

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are trained on vast amounts of data captured by humans emulating our understanding of the world. However, known as visual illusions, human's perception of reality isn't always faithful to the physical world.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Yichi Zhang , Jiayi Pan , Yuchen Zhou , Rui Pan , Joyce Chai

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) exhibit puzzling failures in multi-object visual tasks, such as hallucinating non-existent elements or failing to identify the most similar objects among distractions. While these errors mirror human cognitive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Daniele Savietto , Declan Campbell , André Panisson , Marco Nurisso , Giovanni Petri , Jonathan D. Cohen , Alan Perotti