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Large Language Models (LLMs) are constrained by their inability to process lengthy inputs, resulting in the loss of critical historical information. To address this limitation, in this paper, we propose the Self-Controlled Memory (SCM)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Bing Wang , Xinnian Liang , Jian Yang , Hui Huang , Shuangzhi Wu , Peihao Wu , Lu Lu , Zejun Ma , Zhoujun Li

Memory systems often organize user-agent interactions as retrievable external memory and are crucial for long-running agents by overcoming the limited context windows of LLMs. However, existing memory systems invoke LLMs to process every…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Zijie Dai , Shiyuan Deng , Sheng Guan , Yizhou Tian , Xin Yao , Xiao Yan , James Cheng

Mobile edge Large Language Model (LLM) deployments face inherent constraints, such as limited computational resources and network bandwidth. Although Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates some challenges by integrating external…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Guangyuan Liu , Yinqiu Liu , Jiacheng Wang , Hongyang Du , Dusit Niyato , Jiawen Kang , Zehui Xiong

Mobile agents rely on Large Language Models (LLMs) to plan and execute tasks on smartphone user interfaces (UIs). While cloud-based LLMs achieve high task accuracy, they require uploading the full UI state at every step, exposing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Gucongcong Fan , Chaoyue Niu , Chengfei Lyu , Fan Wu , Guihai Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved unprecedented success across various applications, but their substantial memory requirements pose significant challenges to current memory system designs, especially during inference. Our work…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Zhongchun Zhou , Chengtao Lai , Wei Zhang

Rapid response, namely low latency, is fundamental in search applications; it is particularly so in interactive search sessions, such as those encountered in conversational settings. An observation with a potential to reduce latency asserts…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Ophir Frieder , Ida Mele , Cristina Ioana Muntean , Franco Maria Nardini , Raffaele Perego , Nicola Tonellotto

Semantic caching has emerged as a pivotal technique for scaling LLM applications, widely adopted by major providers including AWS and Microsoft. By utilizing semantic embedding vectors as cache keys, this mechanism effectively minimizes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Zhixiang Zhang , Zesen Liu , Yuchong Xie , Quanfeng Huang , Dongdong She

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed for understanding large codebases, but whether they understand operational semantics of long code context or rely on pattern matching shortcuts remains unclear. We distinguish between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Adam Štorek , Mukur Gupta , Samira Hajizadeh , Prashast Srivastava , Suman Jana

Large Language Models (LLMs) are evolving at an unprecedented pace and have exhibited considerable capability in the realm of natural language processing (NLP) with world knowledge. Benefiting from ultra-large-scale training corpora, a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Qiushi Sun , Zhangyue Yin , Xiang Li , Zhiyong Wu , Xipeng Qiu , Lingpeng Kong

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have highlighted the importance of extending context lengths for handling complex tasks. While traditional methods for training on long contexts often use filtered long documents, these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Chaochen Gao , Xing Wu , Qi Fu , Songlin Hu

Large Language Model (LLM) inference uses an autoregressive manner to generate one token at a time, which exhibits notably lower operational intensity compared to earlier Machine Learning (ML) models such as encoder-only transformers and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Yufeng Gu , Alireza Khadem , Sumanth Umesh , Ning Liang , Xavier Servot , Onur Mutlu , Ravi Iyer , Reetuparna Das

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 and Llama have shown remarkable capabilities in a variety of software engineering tasks. Despite the advancements, their practical deployment faces challenges, including high financial costs, long…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Yueyue Liu , Hongyu Zhang , Yuantian Miao

Security Operations Centers (SOCs) are overwhelmed by tens of thousands of daily alerts, with only a small fraction corresponding to genuine attacks. This overload creates alert fatigue, leading to overlooked threats and analyst burnout.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Bowen Wei , Yuan Shen Tay , Howard Liu , Jinhao Pan , Kun Luo , Ziwei Zhu , Chris Jordan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized a wide range of domains such as natural language processing, computer vision, and multi-modal tasks due to their ability to comprehend context and perform logical reasoning. However, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Haoyang Li , Yiming Li , Anxin Tian , Tianhao Tang , Zhanchao Xu , Xuejia Chen , Nicole Hu , Wei Dong , Qing Li , Lei Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have surged in popularity and are extensively used in commercial applications, where the efficiency of model serving is crucial for the user experience. Most current research focuses on optimizing individual…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Yuhang Yao , Han Jin , Alay Dilipbhai Shah , Shanshan Han , Zijian Hu , Yide Ran , Dimitris Stripelis , Zhaozhuo Xu , Salman Avestimehr , Chaoyang He

Predicates are foundational components in data analysis systems. However, modern workloads increasingly involve unstructured documents, which demands semantic understanding, beyond traditional value-based predicates. Given enormous…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Hengrui Zhang , Yulong Hui , Yihao Liu , Huanchen Zhang

Prefix caching is a key optimization in Large Language Model (LLM) serving, reusing attention Key-Value (KV) states across requests with shared prompt prefixes to reduce expensive prefill computation. However, its benefit depends critically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Shaoke Fang , Ziang Li , Wenfei Wu , Jiatong Ji , Qingsong Liu , Ruizhi Pu

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has transformed spoken dialog systems, yet the optimal architecture for real-time on-device voice agents remains an open question. While end-to-end approaches promise theoretical advantages,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Tatiana Likhomanenko , Luke Carlson , Richard He Bai , Zijin Gu , Han Tran , Zakaria Aldeneh , Yizhe Zhang , Ruixiang Zhang , Huangjie Zheng , Navdeep Jaitly

The quadratic complexity of the attention mechanism and the substantial memory footprint of the Key-Value (KV) cache present severe computational and memory challenges for Large Language Models (LLMs) processing long contexts. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Dongfang Li , Zixuan Liu , Gang Lin , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) with expanding context windows face significant performance hurdles. While caching key-value (KV) states is critical for avoiding redundant computation, the storage footprint of long-context caches quickly…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Zhiqiang Xie , Ziyi Xu , Mark Zhao , Yuwei An , Vikram Sharma Mailthody , Scott Mahlke , Michael Garland , Christos Kozyrakis