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Social inequality manifested across different strata of human existence can be quantified in several ways. Here we compute non-entropic measures of inequality such as Lorenz curve, Gini index and the recently introduced $k$ index…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-07-17 Jun-ichi Inoue , Asim Ghosh , Arnab Chatterjee , Bikas K. Chakrabarti

To simultaneously overcome the limitation of the Gini index in that it is less sensitive to inequality at the tails of income distribution and the limitation of the inter-decile ratios that ignore inequality in the middle of income…

General Economics · Economics 2022-01-03 Thitithep Sitthiyot , Kanyarat Holasut

The Gini coefficient is an universally used measurement of income inequality. Intersectoral GDP contributions reveal the economic development of different sectors of the national economy. Linking intersectoral GDP contributions to Gini…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-14 Jingcheng Meng , Yimeng Ren , Xuening Zhu , Guanyu Hu

Women remain underrepresented in the labour market. Although significant advancements are being made to increase female participation in the workforce, the gender gap is still far from being bridged. We contribute to the growing literature…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Margherita Bertè , Kyriaki Kalimeri , Daniela Paolotti

Gini index is a widely used measure of economic inequality. This article develops a general theory for constructing a confidence interval for Gini index with a specified confidence coefficient and a specified width. Fixed sample size…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-09-21 Bhargab Chattopadhyay , Shyamal Krishna De

Measuring inequalities in a multidimensional framework is a challenging problem which is common to most field of science and engineering. Nevertheless, despite the enormous amount of researches illustrating the fields of application of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-03-19 Giuseppe Toscani

The Gini index is a number that attempts to measure how equitably a resource is distributed throughout a population, and is commonly used in economics as a measurement of inequality of wealth or income. The Gini index is often defined as…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-01 Grant Kopitzke

In this paper, we consider the academic department ranking system of Italy, which is based on a performance index named Indice Standardizzato di Performance Dipartimentale (ISPD). While critiques to the ISPD have been moved for its marked…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-06 Giorgio E. Montanari , Marco Doretti

Social inequality is traditionally measured by the Gini-index ($g$). The $g$-index takes values from $0$ to $1$ where $g=0$ represents complete equality and $g=1$ represents complete inequality. Most of the estimates of the income or wealth…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-05-27 Asim Ghosh , Nachiketa Chattopadhyay , Bikas K. Chakrabarti

This paper proposes a novel empirical strategy to measure cultural justifications of domestic violence within households, with direct implications for demographic behavior and gender inequality. Leveraging survey data on individual…

General Economics · Economics 2025-11-05 Elena Pisanelli

Socio-economic inequality is measured using various indices. The Gini ($g$) index, giving the overall inequality is the most commonly used, while the recently introduced Kolkata ($k$) index gives a measure of $1-k$ fraction of population…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2016-11-07 Arnab Chatterjee , Asim Ghosh , Bikas K Chakrabarti

This study addresses the persistent challenges of Workplace Gender Equality (WGE) in Indonesia, examining regional disparities in gender empowerment and inequality through the Gender Empowerment Index (IDG) and Gender Inequality Index…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-12-03 J. S. Muthmaina

Classical measures of inequality use the mean as the benchmark of economic dispersion. They are not sensitive to inequality at the left tail of the distribution, where it would matter most. This paper presents a new inequality measurement…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-09-13 Mario Schlemmer

The Gini index is a function that attempts to measure the amount of inequality in the distribution of a finite resource throughout a population. It is commonly used in economics as a measure of inequality of income or wealth. We define a…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2023-05-23 Grant Kopitzke

To design, evaluate and tune policies for all-inclusive human development, the primary requisite is to assess the true state of affairs of the society. Statistical indices like GDP, Gini Coefficients have been developed to accomplish the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Pradipta Banerjee , Subhrabrata Choudhury

We present a novel metric designed, among other applications, to quantify biased behaviors of machine learning models. As its core, the metric consists of a new similarity metric between score distributions that balances both their general…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Imanol Solano , Alejandro Peña , Aythami Morales , Julian Fierrez , Ruben Tolosana , Francisco Zamora-Martinez , Javier San Agustin

The inequality is computed through the so-called Gini index. The population is assumed to have the variable of interest distributed according to the Gamma probability distribution. The results show that the Gini index is reduced when the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Diego Saa

Urban inequality, as reflected by uneven spatial allocations of resources, services, and opportunities, has arisen as a major topic for quantitative research and policy intervention. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) provide a solid…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-08-13 Mahshid Gorjian

"The rich are getting richer" implies that the population income distributions are getting more right skewed and heavily tailed. For such distributions, the mean is not the best measure of the center, but the classical indices of income…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-08-08 Vytaras Brazauskas , Francesca Greselin , Ricardas Zitikis

There is growing interest in designing recommender systems that aim at being fair towards item producers or their least satisfied users. Inspired by the domain of inequality measurement in economics, this paper explores the use of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Virginie Do , Nicolas Usunier
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