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Despite the huge progress in myriad generation tasks, pretrained language models (LMs) such as GPT2 still tend to generate repetitive texts with maximization-based decoding algorithms for open-ended generation. We attribute their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Jian Guan , Minlie Huang

Token-based text-to-speech (TTS) models have emerged as a promising avenue for generating natural and realistic speech, yet they grapple with low pronunciation accuracy, speaking style and timbre inconsistency, and a substantial need for…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Chunhui Wang , Chang Zeng , Bowen Zhang , Ziyang Ma , Yefan Zhu , Zifeng Cai , Jian Zhao , Zhonglin Jiang , Yong Chen

It is well known that LLM-based systems are data-hungry. Recent LLM-based TTS works typically employ complex data processing pipelines to obtain high-quality training data. These sophisticated pipelines require excellent models at each…

Recent language model-based text-to-speech (TTS) frameworks demonstrate scalability and in-context learning capabilities. However, they suffer from robustness issues due to the accumulation of errors in speech unit predictions during…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-13 Kun Zhou , Shengkui Zhao , Yukun Ma , Chong Zhang , Hao Wang , Dianwen Ng , Chongjia Ni , Nguyen Trung Hieu , Jia Qi Yip , Bin Ma

While modern Transformer-based language models (LMs) have achieved major success in multi-task generalization, they often struggle to capture long-range dependencies within their context window. This work introduces a novel approach using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Alok N. Shah , Khush Gupta , Keshav Ramji , Pratik Chaudhari

Reinforcement Learning (RL) post-training alignment for language models is effective, but also costly and unstable in practice, owing to its complicated training process. To address this, we propose a training-free inference method to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Xiuyu Li , Jinkai Zhang , Mingyang Yi , Yu Li , Longqiang Wang , Yue Wang , Ju Fan

Zero-shot Text-to-Speech (TTS) has recently advanced significantly, enabling models to synthesize speech from text using short, limited-context prompts. These prompts serve as voice exemplars, allowing the model to mimic speaker identity,…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Hieu-Nghia Huynh-Nguyen , Huynh Nguyen Dang , Ngoc-Son Nguyen , Van Nguyen

Whether Large Language Models (LLMs) develop coherent internal world models remains a core debate. While conventional Next-Token Prediction (NTP) focuses on one-step-ahead supervision, Multi-Token Prediction (MTP) has shown promise in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Qimin Zhong , Hao Liao , Haiming Qin , Mingyang Zhou , Rui Mao , Wei Chen , Naipeng Chao

Recent advances in text-based large language models (LLMs), particularly in the GPT series and the o1 model, have demonstrated the effectiveness of scaling both training-time and inference-time compute. However, current state-of-the-art TTS…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-25 Zhen Ye , Xinfa Zhu , Chi-Min Chan , Xinsheng Wang , Xu Tan , Jiahe Lei , Yi Peng , Haohe Liu , Yizhu Jin , Zheqi Dai , Hongzhan Lin , Jianyi Chen , Xingjian Du , Liumeng Xue , Yunlin Chen , Zhifei Li , Lei Xie , Qiuqiang Kong , Yike Guo , Wei Xue

Several recent end-to-end text-to-speech (TTS) models enabling single-stage training and parallel sampling have been proposed, but their sample quality does not match that of two-stage TTS systems. In this work, we present a parallel…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Jaehyeon Kim , Jungil Kong , Juhee Son

Text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis is the process of producing synthesized speech from text or phoneme input. Traditional TTS models contain multiple processing steps and require external aligners, which provide attention alignments of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-08 Hyunseung Chung , Sang-Hoon Lee , Seong-Whan Lee

Recently, it has become easier to obtain speech data from various media such as the internet or YouTube, but directly utilizing them to train a neural text-to-speech (TTS) model is difficult. The proportion of clean speech is insufficient…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-05 Hanbin Bae , Jae-Sung Bae , Young-Sun Joo , Young-Ik Kim , Hoon-Young Cho

This letter presents an incremental text-to-speech (TTS) method that performs synthesis in small linguistic units while maintaining the naturalness of output speech. Incremental TTS is generally subject to a trade-off between latency and…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Takaaki Saeki , Shinnosuke Takamichi , Hiroshi Saruwatari

With the emergence of neural audio codecs, which encode multiple streams of discrete tokens from audio, large language models have recently gained attention as a promising approach for zero-shot Text-to-Speech (TTS) synthesis. Despite the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-04 Jaehyeon Kim , Keon Lee , Seungjun Chung , Jaewoong Cho

Test-time scaling (TTS) -- the dynamic allocation of compute during inference -- is a promising direction for improving reasoning in large language models (LLMs). However, a systematic comparison of well-known TTS strategies under identical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Aradhye Agarwal , Ayan Sengupta , Tanmoy Chakraborty

End-to-end TTS requires a large amount of speech/text paired data to cover all necessary knowledge, particularly how to pronounce different words in diverse contexts, so that a neural model may learn such knowledge accordingly. But in real…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Mutian He , Jingzhou Yang , Lei He , Frank K. Soong

Instruction-following text-to-speech (TTS) has emerged as an important capability for controllable and expressive speech generation, yet its evaluation remains underdeveloped due to limited benchmark coverage, weak diagnostic granularity,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Huakang Chen , Jingbin Hu , Liumeng Xue , Qirui Zhan , Wenhao Li , Guobin Ma , Hanke Xie , Dake Guo , Linhan Ma , Yuepeng Jiang , Bengu Wu , Pengyuan Xie , Chuan Xie , Qiang Zhang , Lei Xie

This paper presents an accented text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis framework with limited training data. We study two aspects concerning accent rendering: phonetic (phoneme difference) and prosodic (pitch pattern and phoneme duration)…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-09 Xuehao Zhou , Mingyang Zhang , Yi Zhou , Zhizheng Wu , Haizhou Li

Multi-token prediction (MTP) is a recently proposed pre-training objective for language models. Rather than predicting only the next token (NTP), MTP predicts the next $k$ tokens at each prediction step, using multiple prediction heads. MTP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Ansar Aynetdinov , Alan Akbik

Large Language Models (LLMs) inherit explicit and implicit biases from their training datasets. Identifying and mitigating biases in LLMs is crucial to ensure fair outputs, as they can perpetuate harmful stereotypes and misinformation. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Fatima Kazi , Alex Young , Yash Inani , Setareh Rafatirad