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The Particle-In-Cell (PIC) method for plasma simulation tracks particle phase space information using particle and grid data structures. High computational costs in 2D and 3D device-scale PIC simulations necessitate parallelization, with…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-06-27 Libn Varghese , Bhaskar Chaudhury , Miral Shah , Mainak Bandyopadhyay

We present in this work the implementation of the Energy Conserving Semi-Implicit Method in a parallel code called ECsim. This new code is a three-dimensional, fully electromagnetic particle in cell (PIC) code. It is written in C/C++ and…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-07-04 Diego Gonzalez-Herrero , Elisabetta Boella , Giovanni Lapenta

Computational electromagnetics (CEM) is employed to numerically solve Maxwell's equations, and it has very important and practical applications across a broad range of disciplines, including biomedical engineering, nanophotonics, wireless…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Stefanos Bakirtzis , Marco Fiore , Jie Zhang , Ian Wassell

A new approach to the kinetic simulation of plasmas in complex geometries, based on the Particle-in- Cell (PIC) simulation method, is explored. In the two dimensional (2d) electrostatic version of our method, called the Arbitrary…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 C. A. Fichtl , J. M. Finn , K. L. Cartwright

We review common extensions of particle-in-cell (PIC) schemes which account for strong field phenomena in laser-plasma interactions. After describing the physical processes of interest and their numerical implementation, we provide…

Global particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of pulsar magnetospheres are performed with a volume, surface and pair production-based plasma injection schemes to systematically investigate the transition between electrosphere and force-free…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-16 Fábio Cruz , Thomas Grismayer , Alexander Y. Chen , Anatoly Spitkovsky , Ricardo A. Fonseca , Luis O. Silva

This paper formulates a new particle-in-cell method for the Vlasov-Maxwell system. Under the Lorenz gauge condition, Maxwell's equations for the electromagnetic fields can be written as a collection of scalar and vector wave equations. The…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-01-18 Andrew J. Christlieb , William A. Sands , Stephen White

We explore the possibilities of applying structure-preserving numerical methods to a plasma hybrid model with kinetic ions and mass-less fluid electrons satisfying the quasi-neutrality relation. The numerical schemes are derived by finite…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-04-05 Yingzhe Li , Martin Campos Pinto , Florian Holderied , Stefan Possanner , Eric Sonnendrücker

The particle-in-cell (PIC) method has been widely used for plasma simulation, because of its noise-reduction capability and moderate computational cost. The immersed finite element (IFE) method is efficient for solving interface problems on…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-10-18 Jinwei Bai , Yong Cao , Yuchuan Chu , Xu Zhang

For the self-consistent description of various plasma sources operated in the low-pressure (nonlocal, kinetic) regime, the Particle-In-Cell simulation approach, combined with the Monte Carlo treatment of collision processes (PIC/MCC), has…

Validity of fluid models breaks down for non-thermal or weakly collisional plasmas which often occur e.g. in the solar wind. In these regimes one has to resort to modelling through the first-principle Vlasov-Maxwell system, but its…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Rostislav-Paul Wilhelm , Fabio Bacchini

We present an efficient and accurate energy-conserving implicit particle-in-cell~(PIC) algorithm for the electrostatic Vlasov system, with particular emphasis on its high robustness for simulating complex plasma systems with multiple…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-11-21 Zhuoning Li , Zhenli Xu , Zhiguo Yang

Structure-preserving methods can be derived for the Vlasov-Maxwell system from a discretisation of the Poisson bracket with compatible finite-elements for the fields and a particle representation of the distribution function. These…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-11-17 Benedikt Perse , Katharina Kormann , Eric Sonnendrücker

In a laser wakefield accelerator (LWFA), an intense laser pulse excites a plasma wave that traps and accelerates electrons to relativistic energies. When the pulse overlaps the accelerated electrons, it can enhance the energy gain through…

We present a data-driven reduced-order modeling of the space-charge dynamics for electromagnetic particle-in-cell (EMPIC) plasma simulations based on dynamic mode decomposition (DMD). The dynamics of the charged particles in kinetic plasma…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-07-29 Indranil Nayak , Fernando L. Teixeira , Dong-Yeop Na , Mrinal Kumar , Yuri A. Omelchenko

We have here developed a particle-in-cell code accounting for the magnetic dipole force and for the magnetization currents associated with the electron spin. The electrons is divided into spin-up and spin-down populations relative to the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2015-06-11 G. Brodin , A. Holkundkar , M. Marklund

The simplified delta-f mixed-variable/pull-back electromagnetic simulation algorithm implemented in XGC for core plasma simulations by M. Cole et al. [Phys. Plasmas 28, 034501 (2021)] has been generalized to a total-f electromagnetic…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-06-19 Robert Hager , Seung-Hoe Ku , A. Y. Sharma , C. S. Chang , R. M. Churchill

A simulation package employing a Particle in Cell (PIC) method is developed to study the high current beam transport and the dynamics of plasmas. This package includes subroutines those are suited for various planned projects at University…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2016-06-21 N. Joshi

The accurate modeling of plasma-based accelerators relies on costly numerical simulations due to the complexity of laser-plasma and beam-plasma interactions. Several strategies can highly reduce the computational cost compared to 3D…

Recent increases in supercomputing power, driven by the multi-core revolution and accelerators such as the IBM Cell processor, graphics processing units (GPUs) and Intel's Many Integrated Core (MIC) technology have enabled kinetic…

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