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Animals are described as effectively camouflaged when they blend seamlessly with their surrounding, yet no standardized quantitative measure of this seamlessness exists. We address this gap by framing camouflage evaluation as a visual…
Evaluating the cultural awareness of large language models is crucial to ensure the fairness of generated text and the generalizability of applications across the world. Recent benchmarks explore cultural goods like food or values like…
Vector quantization (VQ) is a key technique in high-resolution and high-fidelity image synthesis, which aims to learn a codebook to encode an image with a sequence of discrete codes and then generate an image in an auto-regression manner.…
Formal verification is the next frontier for ensuring the correctness of code generated by Large Language Models (LLMs). While methods that co-generate code and formal specifications in formal languages, like Dafny, can, in principle, prove…
A recent trend to recognize facial expressions in the real-world scenario is to deploy attention based convolutional neural networks (CNNs) locally to signify the importance of facial regions and, combine it with global facial features…
Recent multimodal large language models (MLLMs) show strong capabilities in visual-language reasoning, yet their performance on ultra-high-resolution imagery remains largely unexplored. Existing visual question answering (VQA) benchmarks…
Recent work in network quantization produced state-of-the-art results using mixed precision quantization. An imperative requirement for many efficient edge device hardware implementations is that their quantizers are uniform and with…
Recent advances in video generation have enabled the synthesis of videos with strong temporal consistency and impressive visual quality, marking a crucial step toward vision foundation models. To evaluate these video generation models,…
In recent years, Quantum Computing (QC) has progressed to the point where small working prototypes are available for use. Termed Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers, these prototypes are too small for large benchmarks or even…
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) achieve state-of-the-art performance in medical image analysis yet remain opaque, limiting adoption in high-stakes clinical settings. Existing approaches face a fundamental trade-off: post-hoc methods…
When MLLMs fail at Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) visual reasoning, a fundamental question arises: is it due to perceptual deficiencies or reasoning limitations? Through systematic scaling analysis that…
Camouflaged Object Detection (COD) aims to segment objects that are highly integrated with the background in terms of color, texture, and structure, making it a highly challenging task in computer vision. Although existing methods introduce…
Bridging the semantic gap between image and question is an important step to improve the accuracy of the Visual Question Answering (VQA) task. However, most of the existing VQA methods focus on attention mechanisms or visual relations for…
Visual grounding focuses on establishing fine-grained alignment between vision and natural language, which has essential applications in multimodal reasoning systems. Existing methods use pre-trained query-agnostic visual backbones to…
Visual markups such as highlights, underlines, and bold text are common in table-centric documents. Although multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made substantial progress in document understanding, their ability to treat such cues…
Quantum metric learning enhances machine learning by mapping classical data to a quantum Hilbert space with maximal separation between classes. However, on current NISQ hardware, this mapping process itself is prone to errors and could be…
Evaluating the quality of tables generated by large language models (LLMs) remains an open challenge: existing metrics either flatten tables into text, ignoring structure, or rely on fixed references that limit generalization. We present…
Understanding driving scenes and communicating automated vehicle decisions are key requirements for trustworthy automated driving. In this article, we introduce the Qualitative Explainable Graph (QXG), which is a unified symbolic and…
Reasoning about quantum programs remains a fundamental challenge, regardless of the programming model or computational paradigm. Despite extensive research, existing verification techniques are insufficient -- even for quantum circuits, a…
This paper provides an empirical implementation of the creative quality metric proposed in Calibrated Surprise (Zou & Xu, 2026a). The question this paper addresses is: does this mathematical claim hold at the engineering level? To make the…