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The adoption of intelligent systems creates opportunities as well as challenges for medical work. On the positive side, intelligent systems have the potential to compute complex data from patients and generate automated diagnosis…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Yao Xie , Ge Gao , Xiang 'Anthony' Chen

As machine learning models become increasingly prevalent in medical diagnostics, the need for interpretability and transparency becomes paramount. The XAI Renaissance signifies a significant shift in the field, aiming to redefine the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Sujith K Mandala

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems utilizing deep neural networks (DNNs) and machine learning (ML) algorithms are widely used for solving important problems in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and precision medicine. However,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-02-24 Md. Rezaul Karim , Tanhim Islam , Oya Beyan , Christoph Lange , Michael Cochez , Dietrich Rebholz-Schuhmann , Stefan Decker

Black-box nature of Artificial Intelligence (AI) models do not allow users to comprehend and sometimes trust the output created by such model. In AI applications, where not only the results but also the decision paths to the results are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Ibrahim Kok , Feyza Yildirim Okay , Ozgecan Muyanli , Suat Ozdemir

The complex nature of disease mechanisms and the variability of patient symptoms pose significant challenges in developing effective diagnostic tools. Although machine learning (ML) has made substantial advances in medical diagnosis, the…

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is a rising field in AI. It aims to produce a demonstrative factor of trust, which for human subjects is achieved through communicative means, which Machine Learning (ML) algorithms cannot solely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Jamie Andrew Duell

The past decade has seen significant progress in artificial intelligence (AI), which has resulted in algorithms being adopted for resolving a variety of problems. However, this success has been met by increasing model complexity and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Waddah Saeed , Christian Omlin

The unprecedented performance of machine learning models in recent years, particularly Deep Learning and transformer models, has resulted in their application in various domains such as finance, healthcare, and education. However, the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Milad Rogha

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has continued to achieve tremendous success in recent times. However, the decision logic of these frameworks is often not transparent, making it difficult for stakeholders to understand, interpret or explain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Fuseini Mumuni , Alhassan Mumuni

Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown great promise for diagnostic imaging assessments. However, the application of AI to support medical diagnostics in clinical routine comes with many challenges. The algorithms should have high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-17 Milda Pocevičiūtė , Gabriel Eilertsen , Claes Lundström

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become essential for analyzing complex data and solving highly-challenging tasks. It is being applied across numerous disciplines beyond computer science, including Food Engineering, where there is a growing…

Given the sheer volume of surgical procedures and the significant rate of postoperative fatalities, assessing and managing surgical complications has become a critical public health concern. Existing artificial intelligence (AI) tools for…

Nowadays Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a fundamental component of healthcare applications, both clinical and remote, but the best performing AI systems are often too complex to be self-explaining. Explainable AI (XAI) techniques…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Flavio Di Martino , Franca Delmastro

In recent years, AI systems in the medical domain have advanced significantly. However, despite outperforming humans, they are rarely used in practice since it is often not clear how they make their decisions. Optimal explanation and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Julia Wagner , Tim Schlippe

The absence of transparency and explainability hinders the clinical adoption of Machine learning (ML) algorithms. Although various methods of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) have been suggested, there is a lack of literature that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Aida Brankovic , David Cook , Jessica Rahman , Wenjie Huang , Sankalp Khanna

While artificial intelligence (AI) has made many successful applications in various domains, its adoption in healthcare lags a little bit behind other high-stakes settings. Several factors contribute to this slower uptake, including…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Soheyla Amirian , Luke A. Carlson , Matthew F. Gong , Ines Lohse , Kurt R. Weiss , Johannes F. Plate , Ahmad P. Tafti

Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has found numerous applications in computer vision. While image classification-based explainability techniques have garnered significant attention, their counterparts in semantic segmentation have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Rokas Gipiškis , Chun-Wei Tsai , Olga Kurasova

There has recently been a surge of work in explanatory artificial intelligence (XAI). This research area tackles the important problem that complex machines and algorithms often cannot provide insights into their behavior and thought…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Leilani H. Gilpin , David Bau , Ben Z. Yuan , Ayesha Bajwa , Michael Specter , Lalana Kagal