Related papers: Moir\'e Artifact Reduction in Grating Interferomet…
In this paper, we describe the principle of a multi-aperture interferometer that uses a phase-shifting technique and is suitable for quick, snapshot imaging of astrophysical objects at extreme angular resolution through Fourier inversion. A…
Moir\'e fringes are used throughout a wide variety of applications in physics and engineering to bring out small variations in an underlying lattice by comparing with another reference lattice. This method was recently demonstrated in…
Grazing incidence mirrors for X-ray astronomy are usually designed in the parabola-hyperbola (Wolter I) configuration. This design allows for optimal images on-axis, which however degrade rapidly with the off-axis angle. Mirror surfaces…
Atmospheric turbulence and precise measurement of the astrometric baseline vector between any two telescopes are two major challenges in implementing phase referenced interferometric astrometry and imaging. They limit the performance of a…
Image inpainting techniques have shown promising improvement with the assistance of generative adversarial networks (GANs) recently. However, most of them often suffered from completed results with unreasonable structure or blurriness. To…
For the reliable fabrication of the current and next generation of nanostructures it is essential to be able to determine their material composition and dimensional parameters. Using the grazing incidence X-ray fluoresence technique, which…
Resolving how defects emerge and interact within the hierarchical structure of polycrystalline materials remains a core challenge in materials science. Grain-mapping methods such as three-dimensional X-ray diffraction (3DXRD) and…
Holography is an optical technique enabling to record phase objects. Holographic interferometry uses this faculty to make a phase object interfere with a memory of itself at a preceding time, recorded on a hologram. Interference fringes…
Matter-wave interferometry is a highly sensitive tool to measure small perturbations in a quantum system. This property allows the creation of precision sensors for dephasing mechanisms such as mechanical vibrations. They are a challenge…
One of the most prominent challenges in the field of diffractive imaging is the phase retrieval (PR) problem: In order to reconstruct an object from its diffraction pattern, the inverse Fourier transform must be computed. This is only…
Dual-energy imaging is a clinically well-established technique that offers several advantages over conventional X-ray imaging. By performing measurements with two distinct X-ray spectra, differences in energy-dependent attenuation are…
In this lecture, we describe a number of advanced gain calibration techniques. In particular, self-calibration is an important tool in interferometric imaging at all wavelengths. It allows the observer to determine and remove residual phase…
Phase-contrast imaging is an emerging technology that may increase the signal-difference-to-noise ratio in medical imaging. One of the most promising phase-contrast techniques is Talbot interferometry, which, combined with energy-sensitive…
A new method recovers phase difference of interfering wavefronts from a pattern of interference fringes, avoiding discontinuity problem. The continuous phase is a solution of the first order differential equation of the interferogram…
Traditional phase-shifting interferometry technique cannot be used to measure time-varying phase distributions. But single shot techniques could resolve the problem. Many efforts have been made on the phase retrieval methods from a single…
Microwave, submillimetre-wave, and far-infrared phased arrays are of considerable importance for astronomy. We consider the behaviour imaging phased arrays and interferometric phased arrays from a functional perspective. It is shown that…
X-ray-induced acoustic computed tomography (XACT) as a novel imaging modality has shown great potential in applications ranging from biomedical imaging to nondestructive testing. Improving the signal-to-noise ratio and removing the…
We measure the motional fluctuations of a micromechanical mirror using a Michelson interferometer, and demonstrate its interferometric stability. The position stability of the micromirror is dominated by the thermal mechanical noise of the…
Interferometric phase (InPhase) imaging is an important part of many present-day coherent imaging technologies. Often in such imaging techniques, the acquired images, known as interferograms, suffer from two major degradations: 1) phase…
Ptychography has become prominent at synchrotron facilities worldwide for characterizing biological and material specimens' topological structures and properties at the nanometer or atomic scale, due to its lens - less, highly quantitative…