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Development funds are essential to finance climate change adaptation and are thus an important part of international climate policy. % However, the absence of a common reporting practice makes it difficult to assess the amount and…
A central task in analyzing complex dynamics is to determine the loci of information storage and the communication topology of information flows within a system. Over the last decade and a half, diagnostics for the latter have come to be…
Domain gaps are among the most relevant roadblocks in the clinical translation of machine learning (ML)-based solutions for medical image analysis. While current research focuses on new training paradigms and network architectures, little…
Datasets used in immunotherapy response prediction are typically small in size, as well as diverse in cancer type, drug administered, and sequencer used. Models often drop in performance when tested on patient cohorts that are not included…
The replicability crisis has drawn attention to numerous weaknesses in psychology and social science research practice. In this work we focus on three issues that cannot be addressed with replication alone, and which deserve more attention:…
Unmeasured confounders are a major source of bias in regression-based effect estimation and causal inference. In this paper, we advocate a new profiled transfer learning framework, ProTrans, to address confounding effects in the target…
In real-world clinical settings, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) frequently suffers from missing modalities due to equipment variability or patient cooperation issues, which can significantly affect model performance. To address this…
Many scientific datasets are compositional in nature. Important biological examples include species abundances in ecology, cell-type compositions derived from single-cell sequencing data, and amplicon abundance data in microbiome research.…
Transfer learning enhances prediction accuracy on a target distribution by leveraging data from a source distribution, demonstrating significant benefits in various applications. This paper introduces a novel dissimilarity measure that…
When dealing with control systems, it is useful and even necessary to assess the performance of underlying transfer functions. The functions may or may not be linear, may or may not be even monotonic. In addition, they may have structural…
Clinical and biomedical research in low-resource settings often faces significant challenges due to the need for high-quality data with sufficient sample sizes to construct effective models. These constraints hinder robust model training…
Transfer Optimization has gained a remarkable attention from the Swarm and Evolutionary Computation community in the recent years. It is undeniable that the concepts underlying Transfer Optimization are formulated on solid grounds. However,…
Important questions for impact evaluation require knowledge not only of average effects, but of the distribution of treatment effects. The inability to observe individual counterfactuals makes answering these empirical questions…
Empirical work often uses treatment assigned following geographic boundaries. When the effects of treatment cross over borders, classical difference-in-differences estimation produces biased estimates for the average treatment effect. In…
This paper shows that standard assessment methodology for style transfer has several significant problems. First, the standard metrics for style accuracy and semantics preservation vary significantly on different re-runs. Therefore one has…
High throughput metabolomics data are fraught with both non-ignorable missing observations and unobserved factors that influence a metabolite's measured concentration, and it is well known that ignoring either of these complications can…
The present study investigates the performance of several statistical tests to detect publication bias in diagnostic meta-analysis by means of simulation. While bivariate models should be used to pool data from primary studies in diagnostic…
In the note an error in Low and Lapsley's article ("Optimization Flow Control, I: Basic Algorithm and Convergence", IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 7(6), pp. 861-874, 1999) is pointed out. Because of this error the proof of the Theorem…
Recent multi-omic microbiome studies enable integrative analysis of microbes and metabolites, uncovering their associations with various host conditions. Such analyses require multivariate models capable of accounting for the complex…
The Brier score is a widely used metric evaluating overall performance of probabilistic predictions for binary outcomes in clinical research. However, its interpretation can be complex, as it does not align with commonly taught concepts in…