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Diffusion-based generative models have greatly impacted the speech processing field in recent years, exhibiting high speech naturalness and spawning a new research direction. Their application in real-time communication is, however, still…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-22 Simon Welker , Bunlong Lay , Maris Hillemann , Tal Peer , Timo Gerkmann

In low-bitrate speech coding, end-to-end speech coding networks aim to learn compact yet expressive features and a powerful decoder in a single network. A challenging problem as such results in unwelcome complexity increase and inferior…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-16 Haici Yang , Inseon Jang , Minje Kim

Neural Audio Codecs, initially designed as a compression technique, have gained more attention recently for speech generation. Codec models represent each audio frame as a sequence of tokens, i.e., discrete embeddings. The discrete and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-31 Alexander H. Liu , Qirui Wang , Yuan Gong , James Glass

Neural audio coding has been shown to outperform classical audio coding at extremely low bitrates. However, the practical application of neural audio codecs is still limited by their elevated complexity. To address this challenge, we have…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-20 Jiawei Jiang , Linping Xu , Dejun Zhang , Qingbo Huang , Xianjun Xia , Yijian Xiao

We propose SpectroStream, a full-band multi-channel neural audio codec. Successor to the well-established SoundStream, SpectroStream extends its capability beyond 24 kHz monophonic audio and enables high-quality reconstruction of 48 kHz…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Yunpeng Li , Kehang Han , Brian McWilliams , Zalan Borsos , Marco Tagliasacchi

Recent advancements in discrete token-based speech generation have highlighted the importance of token-to-waveform generation for audio quality, particularly in real-time interactions. Traditional frameworks integrating semantic tokens with…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Dake Guo , Jixun Yao , Linhan Ma , He Wang , Lei Xie

While recent neural audio codecs deliver superior speech quality at ultralow bitrates over traditional methods, their practical adoption is hindered by obstacles related to low-resource operation and robustness to acoustic distortions. Edge…

Neural Audio Codecs (NACs) have gained growing attention in recent years as technologies for audio compression and audio representation in speech language models. While mainstream NACs typically require G-level computation and M-level…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-27 Zixiang Wan , Guochang Zhang , Yifeng He , Jianqiang Wei

Although discrete speech tokens have exhibited strong potential for language model-based speech generation, their high bitrates and redundant timbre information restrict the development of such models. In this work, we propose LSCodec, a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-22 Yiwei Guo , Zhihan Li , Chenpeng Du , Hankun Wang , Xie Chen , Kai Yu

While existing speech audio codecs designed for compression exploit limited forms of temporal redundancy and allow for multi-scale representations, they tend to represent all features of audio in the same way. In contrast, generative voice…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Ryan Collette , Ross Greenwood , Serena Nicoll

Voice conversion is an increasingly popular technology, and the growing number of real-time applications requires models with streaming conversion capabilities. Unlike typical (non-streaming) voice conversion, which can leverage the entire…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-01 Ziqian Ning , Yuepeng Jiang , Pengcheng Zhu , Jixun Yao , Shuai Wang , Lei Xie , Mengxiao Bi

Speech codecs that convert continuous speech signals into discrete tokens have become essential for speech language models. However, existing codecs struggle to balance high-quality reconstruction with semantically rich representations,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-16 Wenxi Chen , Xinsheng Wang , Ruiqi Yan , Yushen Chen , Zhikang Niu , Ziyang Ma , Xiquan Li , Yuzhe Liang , Hanlin Wen , Shunshun Yin , Ming Tao , Xie Chen

Unlike offline processing, streaming video vision-language models face two fundamental constraints: causality and accumulation. Causality prevents access to future frames that offline methods exploit, while accumulation causes tokens to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xueyi Chen , Keda Tao , Kele Shao , Huan Wang

With recent rapid growth of large language models (LLMs), discrete speech tokenization has played an important role for injecting speech into LLMs. However, this discretization gives rise to a loss of information, consequently impairing…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-23 Zhichao Huang , Chutong Meng , Tom Ko

Efficiently representing audio signals in a compressed latent space is critical for latent generative modelling. However, existing autoencoders often force a choice between continuous embeddings and discrete tokens. Furthermore, achieving…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Marco Pasini , Stefan Lattner , George Fazekas

The quality of speech codecs deteriorates at low bitrates due to high quantization noise. A post-filter is generally employed to enhance the quality of the coded speech. In this paper, a data-driven post-filter relying on masking in the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-13 Srikanth Korse , Kishan Gupta , Guillaume Fuchs

This paper presents LongCat-Audio-Codec, an audio tokenizer and detokenizer solution designed for industrial grade end-to-end speech large language models. By leveraging a decoupled model architecture and a multistage training strategy,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-20 Xiaohan Zhao , Hongyu Xiang , Shengze Ye , Song Li , Zhengkun Tian , Guanyu Chen , Ke Ding , Guanglu Wan

Flow matching offers a robust and stable approach to training diffusion models. However, directly applying flow matching to neural vocoders can result in subpar audio quality. In this work, we present WaveFM, a reparameterized flow matching…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Tianze Luo , Xingchen Miao , Wenbo Duan

Cascaded speech-to-speech translation systems often suffer from the error accumulation problem and high latency, which is a result of cascaded modules whose inference delays accumulate. In this paper, we propose a transducer-based speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-07 Jinzheng Zhao , Niko Moritz , Egor Lakomkin , Ruiming Xie , Zhiping Xiu , Katerina Zmolikova , Zeeshan Ahmed , Yashesh Gaur , Duc Le , Christian Fuegen

Recent years have witnessed the dramatic growth of Internet video traffic, where the video bitstreams are often compressed and delivered in low quality to fit the streamer's uplink bandwidth. To alleviate the quality degradation, it comes…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-09 Qihua Zhou , Ruibin Li , Song Guo , Peiran Dong , Yi Liu , Jingcai Guo , Zhenda Xu