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This study addresses the racial biases in facial expression recognition (FER) systems within Large Multimodal Foundation Models (LMFMs). Despite advances in deep learning and the availability of diverse datasets, FER systems often exhibit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Kaylee Chhua , Zhoujinyi Wen , Vedant Hathalia , Kevin Zhu , Sean O'Brien

Audio-visual deepfake detection (AVD) is increasingly important as modern generators can fabricate convincing speech and video. Most current multimodal detectors are small, task-specific models: they work well on curated tests but scale…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Songjun Cao , Yuqi Li , Yunpeng Luo , Jianjun Yin , Long Ma

Face Anti-Spoofing (FAS) is essential for ensuring the security and reliability of facial recognition systems. Most existing FAS methods are formulated as binary classification tasks, providing confidence scores without interpretation. They…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Guosheng Zhang , Keyao Wang , Haixiao Yue , Ajian Liu , Gang Zhang , Kun Yao , Errui Ding , Jingdong Wang

Multimodal emotion recognition (MER) benefits from combining text, audio, and vision, yet standard fusion often fails when modalities conflict. Crucially, conflicts differ in resolvability: benign conflicts stem from missing, weak, or…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Yangchen Yu , Qian Chen , Jia Li , Zhenzhen Hu , Jinpeng Hu , Lizi Liao , Erik Cambria , Richang Hong

Recently, many novel techniques have been introduced to deal with spoofing attacks, and achieve promising countermeasure (CM) performances. However, these works only take the stand-alone CM models into account. Nowadays, a spoofing aware…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Haibin Wu , Lingwei Meng , Jiawen Kang , Jinchao Li , Xu Li , Xixin Wu , Hung-yi Lee , Helen Meng

As an essential element for the diagnosis and rehabilitation of psychiatric disorders, the electroencephalogram (EEG) based emotion recognition has achieved significant progress due to its high precision and reliability. However, one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Hao Chen , Ming Jin , Zhunan Li , Cunhang Fan , Jinpeng Li , Huiguang He

Multi-modal embeddings form the foundation for vision-language models, such as CLIP embeddings, the most widely used text-image embeddings. However, these embeddings are vulnerable to subtle misalignment of cross-modal features, resulting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Yilin Ye , Shishi Xiao , Xingchen Zeng , Wei Zeng

Emotion represents an essential aspect of human speech that is manifested in speech prosody. Speech, visual, and textual cues are complementary in human communication. In this paper, we study a hybrid fusion method, referred to as…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-10 Zexu Pan , Zhaojie Luo , Jichen Yang , Haizhou Li

Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) systems often assume congruence between vocal emotion and lexical semantics. However, in real-world interactions, acoustic-semantic conflict is common yet overlooked, where the emotion conveyed by tone…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Dawei Huang , Yongjie Lv , Ruijie Xiong , Chunxiang Jin , Xiaojiang Peng

Human emotion can be presented in different modes i.e., audio, video, and text. However, the contribution of each mode in exhibiting each emotion is not uniform. Furthermore, the availability of complete mode-specific details may not always…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Naresh Kumar Devulapally , Sidharth Anand , Sreyasee Das Bhattacharjee , Junsong Yuan

Both functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI and sMRI) are widely used for the diagnosis of mental disorder. However, combining complementary information from these two modalities is challenging due to their…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-02 Ziyu Zhou , Anton Orlichenko , Gang Qu , Zening Fu , Vince D Calhoun , Zhengming Ding , Yu-Ping Wang

Facial Expression Recognition (FER) is essential for human-machine interaction, as it enables machines to interpret human emotions and internal states from facial affective behaviors. Although deep learning has significantly advanced FER…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Rongkang Dong , Cuixin Yang , Cong Zhang , Yushen Zuo , Kin-Man Lam

Multimodal sentiment analysis has attracted increasing attention and lots of models have been proposed. However, the performance of the state-of-the-art models decreases sharply when they are deployed in the real world. We find that the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Yang Wu , Yanyan Zhao , Hao Yang , Song Chen , Bing Qin , Xiaohuan Cao , Wenting Zhao

In recent years, Multimodal Emotion Recognition (MER) has made substantial progress. Nevertheless, most existing approaches neglect the semantic inconsistencies that may arise across modalities, such as conflicting emotional cues between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Guowei Zhong , Junjie Li , Huaiyu Zhu , Ruohong Huan , Yun Pan

Purpose: Prenatal ultrasound is a key tool in evaluating fetal structural development and detecting abnormalities, contributing to reduced perinatal complications and improved neonatal survival. Accurate identification of standard fetal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Shengjun Zhu , Siyu Liu , Runqing Xiong , Liping Zheng , Duo Ma , Rongshang Chen , Jiaxin Cai

In this paper, we propose a novel bidirectional multiscale feature aggregation (BMFA) network with attentional fusion modules for text-independent speaker verification. The feature maps from different stages of the backbone network are…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-02 Jiajun Qi , Wu Guo , Bin Gu

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) increasingly depend on Multi-Sensor Fusion (MSF) to combine complementary modalities such as cameras and LiDAR for robust perception. While this redundancy is intended to safeguard against single-sensor failures,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Shahriar Rahman Khan , Raiful Hasan

Foundation models have emerged as a powerful approach for processing electronic health records (EHRs), offering flexibility to handle diverse medical data modalities. In this study, we present a comprehensive benchmark that evaluates the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Kunyu Yu , Rui Yang , Jingchi Liao , Siqi Li , Huitao Li , Irene Li , Yifan Peng , Rishikesan Kamaleswaran , Nan Liu

In this research, we introduce a novel methodology for assessing Emotional Mimicry Intensity (EMI) as part of the 6th Workshop and Competition on Affective Behavior Analysis in-the-wild. Our methodology utilises the Wav2Vec 2.0…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Tobias Hallmen , Fabian Deuser , Norbert Oswald , Elisabeth André

Multimodal Emotion Recognition (MER) is critical for interpreting real-world interactions. While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLM) have shown promise in MER, their internal decision-making mechanisms under modality conflict and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Yueru Sun , Yimeng Zhang , Haoyu Gu , Nuo Chen , Dong She , Xianrong Yao , Yang Gao , Zhanpeng Jin