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Prior studies show that the key to face anti-spoofing lies in the subtle image pattern, termed "spoof trace", e.g., color distortion, 3D mask edge, Moire pattern, and many others. Designing a generic face anti-spoofing model to estimate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Yaojie Liu , Xiaoming Liu

While the technologies empowering malicious audio deepfakes have dramatically evolved in recent years due to generative AI advances, the same cannot be said of global research into spoofing (deepfake) countermeasures. This paper highlights…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-16 Héctor Delgado , Giorgio Ramondetti , Emanuele Dalmasso , Gennady Karvitsky , Daniele Colibro , Haydar Talib

Many existing speaker verification systems are reported to be vulnerable against different spoofing attacks, for example speaker-adapted speech synthesis, voice conversion, play back, etc. In order to detect these spoofed speech signals as…

Sound · Computer Science 2015-07-30 Shitao Weng , Shushan Chen , Lei Yu , Xuewei Wu , Weicheng Cai , Zhi Liu , Ming Li

Artefacts that differentiate spoofed from bona-fide utterances can reside in spectral or temporal domains. Their reliable detection usually depends upon computationally demanding ensemble systems where each subsystem is tuned to some…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-05 Jee-weon Jung , Hee-Soo Heo , Hemlata Tak , Hye-jin Shim , Joon Son Chung , Bong-Jin Lee , Ha-Jin Yu , Nicholas Evans

This study investigates the explainability of embedding representations, specifically those used in modern audio spoofing detection systems based on deep neural networks, known as spoof embeddings. Building on established work in speaker…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Xuechen Liu , Junichi Yamagishi , Md Sahidullah , Tomi kinnunen

The rapid advancement of AI has enabled highly realistic speech synthesis and voice cloning, posing serious risks to voice authentication, smart assistants, and telecom security. While most prior work frames spoof detection as a binary…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Bin Hu , Kunyang Huang , Daehan Kwak , Meng Xu , Kuan Huang

The past few years have witnessed the significant advances of speech synthesis and voice conversion technologies. However, such technologies can undermine the robustness of broadly implemented biometric identification models and can be…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-16 Haibin Wu , Heng-Cheng Kuo , Naijun Zheng , Kuo-Hsuan Hung , Hung-Yi Lee , Yu Tsao , Hsin-Min Wang , Helen Meng

Advances in neural speech synthesis have brought us technology that is not only close to human naturalness, but is also capable of instant voice cloning with little data, and is highly accessible with pre-trained models available.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-03 Lauri Juvela , Xin Wang

Fusing outputs from automatic speaker verification (ASV) and spoofing countermeasure (CM) is expected to make an integrated system robust to zero-effort imposters and synthesized spoofing attacks. Many score-level fusion methods have been…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-25 Xin Wang , Tomi Kinnunen , Kong Aik Lee , Paul-Gauthier Noé , Junichi Yamagishi

Language-queried Audio Separation (LASS) employs linguistic queries to isolate target sounds based on semantic descriptions. However, existing methods face challenges in aligning complex auditory features with linguistic context while…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Jianyuan Feng , Guangzheng Li , Yangfei Xu

Automatic Speaker Verification systems are gaining popularity these days; spoofing attacks are of prime concern as they make these systems vulnerable. Some spoofing attacks like Replay attacks are easier to implement but are very hard to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-11 Rahul T P , P R Aravind , Ranjith C , Usamath Nechiyil , Nandakumar Paramparambath

With the advancement of audio generation, generative models can produce highly realistic audios. However, the proliferation of deepfake general audio can pose negative consequences. Therefore, we propose a new task, deepfake general audio…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Zeyu Xie , Baihan Li , Xuenan Xu , Zheng Liang , Kai Yu , Mengyue Wu

The task of partially spoofed audio localization aims to accurately determine audio authenticity at a frame level. Although some works have achieved encouraging results, utilizing boundary information within a single model remains an…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Jiafeng Zhong , Bin Li , Jiangyan Yi

Automatic Speaker Verification (ASV) systems are increasingly used in voice bio-metrics for user authentication but are susceptible to logical and physical spoofing attacks, posing security risks. Existing research mainly tackles logical or…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Awais Khan , Khalid Mahmood Malik

Spoofing-robust speaker verification (SASV) combines the tasks of speaker and spoof detection to authenticate speakers under adversarial settings. Many SASV systems rely on fusion of speaker and spoof cues at embedding, score or decision…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 Oğuzhan Kurnaz , Jagabandhu Mishra , Tomi H. Kinnunen , Cemal Hanilçi

Recent advances in sophisticated synthetic speech generated from text-to-speech (TTS) or voice conversion (VC) systems cause threats to the existing automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems. Since such synthetic speech is generated from…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-15 Youngsik Eom , Yeonghyeon Lee , Ji Sub Um , Hoirin Kim

Audio has become an increasingly crucial biometric modality due to its ability to provide an intuitive way for humans to interact with machines. It is currently being used for a range of applications, including person authentication to…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Rishabh Ranjan , Mayank Vatsa , Richa Singh

Robust audio anti-spoofing has been increasingly challenging due to the recent advancements on deepfake techniques. While spectrograms have demonstrated their capability for anti-spoofing, complementary information presented in multi-order…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Penghui Wen , Kun Hu , Wenxi Yue , Sen Zhang , Wanlei Zhou , Zhiyong Wang

Prior studies show that the key to face anti-spoofing lies in the subtle image pattern, termed "spoof trace", e.g., color distortion, 3D mask edge, Moire pattern, and many others. Designing a generic anti-spoofing model to estimate those…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Yaojie Liu , Joel Stehouwer , Xiaoming Liu

The automatic speaker verification spoofing and countermeasures (ASVspoof) challenge series is a community-led initiative which aims to promote the consideration of spoofing and the development of countermeasures. ASVspoof 2021 is the 4th…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-07 Héctor Delgado , Nicholas Evans , Tomi Kinnunen , Kong Aik Lee , Xuechen Liu , Andreas Nautsch , Jose Patino , Md Sahidullah , Massimiliano Todisco , Xin Wang , Junichi Yamagishi