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Processors with extensible instruction sets are often used today as programmable hardware accelerators for various domains. When extending RISC-V and other similar extensible processor architectures, the task of designing specialized…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Peter Sovietov

Endpoint devices for Internet-of-Things not only need to work under extremely tight power envelope of a few milliwatts, but also need to be flexible in their computing capabilities, from a few kOPS to GOPS. Near-threshold(NT) operation can…

In this paper, we introduce the design and verification frameworks for developing a fully-functional emerging ternary processor. Based on the existing compiling environments for binary processors, for the given ternary instructions, the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Dongyun Kam , Jung Gyu Min , Jongho Yoon , Sunmean Kim , Seokhyeong Kang , Youngjoo Lee

This paper presents a pipeline stage resolved timing characterization of a 32-bit RISC V processor implemented on a 20 nm FPGA and a 7 nm FinFET ASIC platform. A unified analysis framework is introduced that decomposes timing paths into…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-18 Mostafa Darvishi

Despite the numerous uses of semidefinite programming (SDP) and its universal solvability via interior point methods (IPMs), it is rarely applied to practical large-scale problems. This mainly owes to the computational cost of IPMs that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-19 Yifan Ran , Stefan Vlaski , Wei Dai

The limited energy available in most embedded systems poses a significant challenge in enhancing the performance of embedded processors and microcontrollers. One promising approach to address this challenge is the use of approximate…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Arvin Delavari , Faraz Ghoreishy , Hadi Shahriar Shahhoseini , Sattar Mirzakuchaki

Large language models (LLMs) have become a significant workload since their appearance. However, they are also computationally expensive as they have billions of parameters and are trained with massive amounts of data. Thus, recent works…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Guoliang He , Eiko Yoneki

Neural networks are increasingly used in real-time systems, such as automated driving applications. This requires high-performance hardware with predictable timing behavior. State-of-the-art real-time hardware is limited in memory and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Maximilian Kirschner , Konstantin Dudzik , Jürgen Becker

Fast and energy-efficient low-bitwidth floating-point (FP) arithmetic is essential for Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems. Microscaling (MX) standardized formats have recently emerged as a promising alternative to baseline low-bitwidth FP…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Gamze İslamoğlu , Luca Bertaccini , Arpan Suravi Prasad , Francesco Conti , Angelo Garofalo , Luca Benini

Design Conductor (DC) is an autonomous agent which applies the capabilities of frontier models to build semiconductors end-to-end -- that is, from concept to verified, tape-out ready GDSII (layout CAD file). In 12 hours and fully…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-11 The Verkor Team , Ravi Krishna , Suresh Krishna , David Chin

Software-hardware co-design solutions for decimal computation can provide several Pareto points to development of embedded systems in terms of hardware cost and performance. This paper demonstrates how to accurately evaluate such co-design…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Riaz-ul-haque Mian , Michihiro Shintani , Michiko Inoue

Data-parallel problems demand ever growing floating-point (FP) operations per second under tight area- and energy-efficiency constraints. In this work, we present Manticore, a general-purpose, ultra-efficient chiplet-based architecture for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-11-23 Florian Zaruba , Fabian Schuiki , Luca Benini

An effective deep learning development process is critical for widespread industrial adoption, particularly in the automotive sector. A typical industrial deep learning development cycle involves customizing and re-designing an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Mohammad Javad Shafiee , Mirko Nentwig , Yohannes Kassahun , Francis Li , Stanislav Bochkarev , Akif Kamal , David Dolson , Secil Altintas , Arif Virani , Alexander Wong

Deploying deep neural networks (DNNs) on resource-constrained IoT devices remains a challenging problem, often requiring hardware modifications tailored to individual AI models. Existing accelerator-generation tools, such as AMD's FINN, do…

We propose a novel generalization of constrained Markov decision processes (CMDPs) that we call the \emph{semi-infinitely constrained Markov decision process} (SICMDP). Particularly, we consider a continuum of constraints instead of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Liangyu Zhang , Yang Peng , Wenhao Yang , Zhihua Zhang

Computing-in-Memory (CIM) architectures have emerged as a promising solution for accelerating Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) by mitigating data movement bottlenecks. However, realizing the potential of CIM requires specialized dataflow…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Xiaolin He , Cenlin Duan , Yingjie Qi , Xiao Ma , Jianlei Yang

Modern data-driven applications expose limitations of von Neumann architectures - extensive data movement, low throughput, and poor energy efficiency. Accelerators improve performance but lack flexibility and require data transfers.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Vincenzo Petrolo , Flavia Guella , Michele Caon , Pasquale Davide Schiavone , Guido Masera , Maurizio Martina

Flexible electronics offer unique advantages for conformable, lightweight, and disposable healthcare wearables. However, their limited gate count, large feature sizes, and high static power consumption make on-body machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Theofanis Vergos , Polykarpos Vergos , Mehdi B. Tahoori , Georgios Zervakis

As the increasing complexity of Neural Network(NN) models leads to high demands for computation, AMD introduces a heterogeneous programmable system-on-chip (SoC), i.e., Versal ACAP architectures featured with programmable logic (PL), CPUs,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Jinming Zhuang , Zhuoping Yang , Peipei Zhou

Extreme edge-AI systems, such as those in readout ASICs for radiation detection, must operate under stringent hardware constraints such as micron-level dimensions, sub-milliwatt power, and nanosecond-scale speed while providing clear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Shubha R. Kharel , Prashansa Mukim , Piotr Maj , Grzegorz W. Deptuch , Shinjae Yoo , Yihui Ren , Soumyajit Mandal