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Following its success in natural language processing and computer vision, foundation models that are pre-trained on large-scale multi-task datasets have also shown great potential in robotics. However, most existing robot foundation models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Rujia Yang , Geng Chen , Chuan Wen , Yang Gao

Bimanual manipulation requires policies that can reason about 3D geometry, anticipate how it evolves under action, and generate smooth, coordinated motions. However, existing methods typically rely on 2D features with limited spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Chongyang Xu , Haipeng Li , Shen Cheng , Jingyu Hu , Haoqiang Fan , Ziliang Feng , Shuaicheng Liu

Modern robotic manipulation primarily relies on visual observations in a 2D color space for skill learning but suffers from poor generalization. In contrast, humans, living in a 3D world, depend more on physical properties-such as distance,…

3D spatial perception is fundamental to generalizable robotic manipulation, yet obtaining reliable, high-quality 3D geometry remains challenging. Depth sensors suffer from noise and material sensitivity, while existing reconstruction models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Sizhe Yang , Linning Xu , Hao Li , Juncheng Mu , Jia Zeng , Dahua Lin , Jiangmiao Pang

Imitation learning provides an efficient way to teach robots dexterous skills; however, learning complex skills robustly and generalizablely usually consumes large amounts of human demonstrations. To tackle this challenging problem, we…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Yanjie Ze , Gu Zhang , Kangning Zhang , Chenyuan Hu , Muhan Wang , Huazhe Xu

Robots rely heavily on sensors, especially RGB and depth cameras, to perceive and interact with the world. RGB cameras record 2D images with rich semantic information while missing precise spatial information. On the other side, depth…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Tong Zhang , Yingdong Hu , Hanchen Cui , Hang Zhao , Yang Gao

Grasping objects of different shapes and sizes - a foundational, effortless skill for humans - remains a challenging task in robotics. Although model-based approaches can predict stable grasp configurations for known object models, they…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Malte Mosbach , Sven Behnke

Understanding and predicting dynamics of the physical world can enhance a robot's ability to plan and interact effectively in complex environments. While recent video generation models have shown strong potential in modeling dynamic scenes,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zeyi Liu , Shuang Li , Eric Cousineau , Siyuan Feng , Benjamin Burchfiel , Shuran Song

Imitation Learning can train robots to perform complex and diverse manipulation tasks, but learned policies are brittle with observations outside of the training distribution. 3D scene representations that incorporate observations from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Albert Wilcox , Mohamed Ghanem , Masoud Moghani , Pierre Barroso , Benjamin Joffe , Animesh Garg

Visual imitation learning frameworks allow robots to learn manipulation skills from expert demonstrations. While existing approaches mainly focus on policy design, they often neglect the structure and capacity of visual encoders, limiting…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Shijia Ge , Yinxin Zhang , Shuzhao Xie , Weixiang Zhang , Mingcai Zhou , Zhi Wang

3D perceptual representations are well suited for robot manipulation as they easily encode occlusions and simplify spatial reasoning. Many manipulation tasks require high spatial precision in end-effector pose prediction, which typically…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Theophile Gervet , Zhou Xian , Nikolaos Gkanatsios , Katerina Fragkiadaki

3D geometric information is essential for manipulation tasks, as robots need to perceive the 3D environment, reason about spatial relationships, and interact with intricate spatial configurations. Recent research has increasingly focused on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Yueru Jia , Jiaming Liu , Sixiang Chen , Chenyang Gu , Zhilue Wang , Longzan Luo , Lily Lee , Pengwei Wang , Zhongyuan Wang , Renrui Zhang , Shanghang Zhang

Real-world robotic manipulation demands visuomotor policies capable of robust spatial scene understanding and strong generalization across diverse camera viewpoints. While recent advances in 3D-aware visual representations have shown…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Di Zhang , Weicheng Duan , Dasen Gu , Hongye Lu , Hai Zhang , Hang Yu , Junqiao Zhao , Guang Chen

Representations are crucial for a robot to learn effective navigation policies. Recent work has shown that mid-level perceptual abstractions, such as depth estimates or 2D semantic segmentation, lead to more effective policies when provided…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-09 Zachary Ravichandran , Lisa Peng , Nathan Hughes , J. Daniel Griffith , Luca Carlone

Deep learning has enabled remarkable improvements in grasp synthesis for previously unseen objects from partial object views. However, existing approaches lack the ability to explicitly reason about the full 3D geometry of the object when…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-19 Mark Van der Merwe , Qingkai Lu , Balakumar Sundaralingam , Martin Matak , Tucker Hermans

Exploiting internal spatial geometric constraints of sparse LiDARs is beneficial to depth completion, however, has been not explored well. This paper proposes an efficient method to learn geometry-aware embedding, which encodes the local…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Wenchao Du , Hu Chen , Hongyu Yang , Yi Zhang

Achieving generalizable and precise robotic manipulation across diverse environments remains a critical challenge, largely due to limitations in spatial perception. While prior imitation-learning approaches have made progress, their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Yiqi Huang , Travis Davies , Jiahuan Yan , Jiankai Sun , Xiang Chen , Luhui Hu

3D scene modeling techniques serve as the bedrocks in the geospatial engineering and computer science, which drives many applications ranging from automated driving, terrain mapping, navigation, virtual, augmented, mixed, and extended…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Shuang Song

We propose a Geometry-aware Policy Imitation (GPI) approach that rethinks imitation learning by treating demonstrations as geometric curves rather than collections of state-action samples. From these curves, GPI derives distance fields that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yiming Li , Nael Darwiche , Amirreza Razmjoo , Sichao Liu , Yilun Du , Auke Ijspeert , Sylvain Calinon

Material generalization is essential for real-world robotic manipulation, where robots must interact with objects exhibiting diverse visual and physical properties. This challenge is particularly pronounced for objects made of glass, metal,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Jiayi Li , Yuxuan Hu , Haoran Geng , Xiangyu Chen , Chuhao Zhou , Ziteng Cui , Jianfei Yang
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