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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) achieve remarkable capabilities but can inadvertently memorize privacy-sensitive information. Although existing unlearning methods can remove such knowledge, they fail to achieve benign forgetting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Zhen Zeng , Leijiang Gu , Zhangling Duan , Feng Li , Zenglin Shi , Cees G. M. Snoek , Meng Wang

Large Language Model (LLM) unlearning aims to erase or suppress undesirable knowledge within the model, offering promise for controlling harmful or private information to prevent misuse. However, recent studies highlight its limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Xiaotian Ye , Mengqi Zhang , Shu Wu

Machine Unlearning (MU) enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to remove unsafe or outdated information. However, existing work assumes that all facts are equally forgettable and largely ignores whether the forgotten knowledge originates from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Borisiuk Anna , Andrey Savchenko , Alexander Panchenko , Elena Tutubalina

Large language models trained on massive corpora of data from the web can memorize and reproduce sensitive or private data raising both legal and ethical concerns. Unlearning, or tuning models to forget information present in their training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Pratyush Maini , Zhili Feng , Avi Schwarzschild , Zachary C. Lipton , J. Zico Kolter

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved exceptional capabilities in open generation across various domains, yet they encounter difficulties with tasks that require intensive knowledge. To address these challenges, methods for integrating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Fali Wang , Runxue Bao , Suhang Wang , Wenchao Yu , Yanchi Liu , Wei Cheng , Haifeng Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown to be a great success in a wide range of applications ranging from regular NLP-based use cases to AI agents. LLMs have been trained on a vast corpus of texts from various sources; despite the best…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Abhinav Joshi , Shaswati Saha , Divyaksh Shukla , Sriram Vema , Harsh Jhamtani , Manas Gaur , Ashutosh Modi

Machine unlearning offers a promising solution to privacy and safety concerns in large language models (LLMs) by selectively removing targeted knowledge while preserving utility. However, current methods are highly sensitive to downstream…

Large language models (LLMs) often necessitate extensive labeled datasets and training compute to achieve impressive performance across downstream tasks. This paper explores a self-training paradigm, where the LLM autonomously curates its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Wei Jie Yeo , Teddy Ferdinan , Przemyslaw Kazienko , Ranjan Satapathy , Erik Cambria

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized various domains, yet their utility comes with significant challenges related to outdated or problematic knowledge embedded during pretraining. This paper addresses the challenge of modifying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Akshaj Kumar Veldanda , Shi-Xiong Zhang , Anirban Das , Supriyo Chakraborty , Stephen Rawls , Sambit Sahu , Milind Naphade

LLM have achieved success in many fields but still troubled by problematic content in the training corpora. LLM unlearning aims at reducing their influence and avoid undesirable behaviours. However, existing unlearning methods remain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Hongbang Yuan , Zhuoran Jin , Pengfei Cao , Yubo Chen , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

Machine Unlearning (MU) aims to remove the information of specific training data from a trained model, ensuring compliance with privacy regulations and user requests. While one line of existing MU methods relies on linear parameter updates…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Yingdan Shi , Ren Wang

Machine unlearning is an emerging technique that removes the influence of a subset of training data (forget set) from a model without full retraining, with applications including privacy protection, content moderation, and model correction.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Hong kyu Lee , Ruixuan Liu , Li Xiong

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world applications, raising concerns about the unauthorized use of copyrighted or sensitive data. Machine unlearning aims to remove such 'forget' data while preserving utility…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Wonje Jeung , Sangyeon Yoon , Hyesoo Hong , Soeun Kim , Seungju Han , Youngjae Yu , Albert No

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) may memorize sensitive cross-modal information during pretraining. However, existing MLLM unlearning benchmarks rely on synthetic knowledge injection or complete subject-level deletion, which fail to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jiahui Guang , Zexun Zhan , Zhenlin Xu , Cuiyun Gao , Haiyan Wang , Jing Li , Zhaoquan Gu , Yanchun Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) trained on massive data may memorize sensitive personal information and photos, posing serious privacy risks. To mitigate this, MLLM unlearning methods are proposed, which fine-tune MLLMs to reduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Xianren Zhang , Hui Liu , Delvin Ce Zhang , Xianfeng Tang , Qi He , Dongwon Lee , Suhang Wang

Machine unlearning, the process of efficiently removing specific information from machine learning models, is a growing area of interest for responsible AI. However, few studies have explored the effectiveness of unlearning methods on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Alkis Koudounas , Claudio Savelli , Flavio Giobergia , Elena Baralis

Deep machine unlearning is the problem of `removing' from a trained neural network a subset of its training set. This problem is very timely and has many applications, including the key tasks of removing biases (RB), resolving confusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Meghdad Kurmanji , Peter Triantafillou , Jamie Hayes , Eleni Triantafillou

Large Language Models (LLMs) embed sensitive, human-generated data, prompting the need for unlearning methods. Although certified unlearning offers strong privacy guarantees, its restrictive assumptions make it unsuitable for LLMs, giving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Rongzhe Wei , Mufei Li , Mohsen Ghassemi , Eleonora Kreačić , Yifan Li , Xiang Yue , Bo Li , Vamsi K. Potluru , Pan Li , Eli Chien

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been successfully used in many natural-language tasks and applications including text generation and AI chatbots. They also are a promising new technology for concept-oriented deep learning (CODL). However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Daniel T. Chang