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State-of-the-art methods for zero-shot visual recognition formulate learning as a joint embedding problem of images and side information. In these formulations the current best complement to visual features are attributes: manually encoded…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-05-19 Scott Reed , Zeynep Akata , Bernt Schiele , Honglak Lee

Visual Document Retrieval (VDR), the task of retrieving visually-rich document pages using queries that combine visual and textual cues, is crucial for numerous real-world applications. Recent state-of-the-art methods leverage Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yibo Yan , Guangwei Xu , Xin Zou , Shuliang Liu , James Kwok , Xuming Hu

Vision-language models (VLMs) trained on internet-scale data achieve remarkable zero-shot detection performance on common objects like car, truck, and pedestrian. However, state-of-the-art models still struggle to generalize to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Peter Robicheaux , Matvei Popov , Anish Madan , Isaac Robinson , Joseph Nelson , Deva Ramanan , Neehar Peri

Generative retrieval (GR) reformulates information retrieval (IR) by framing it as the generation of document identifiers (docids), thereby enabling end-to-end optimization and seamless integration with generative language models (LMs).…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Weiwei Sun , Keyi Kong , Xinyu Ma , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Maarten de Rijke , Zhaochun Ren , Yiming Yang

Automated road sign recognition is a critical task for intelligent transportation systems, but traditional deep learning methods struggle with the sheer number of sign classes and the impracticality of creating exhaustive labeled datasets.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Minghao Zhu , Zhihao Zhang , Anmol Sidhu , Keith Redmill

Visual Document Retrieval (VDR) models mostly rely on late interaction architectures, in which documents are represented by a set of local patch embeddings and then matched against query tokens. While efficient, this architecture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Pascal Tilli , Mohsen Mesgar

Recent works have shown that unstructured text (documents) from online sources can serve as useful auxiliary information for zero-shot image classification. However, these methods require access to a high-quality source like Wikipedia and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Muhammad Ferjad Naeem , Muhammad Gul Zain Ali Khan , Yongqin Xian , Muhammad Zeshan Afzal , Didier Stricker , Luc Van Gool , Federico Tombari

Document retrieval is an important task for search and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) applications. Large Language Models (LLMs) have contributed to improving the accuracy of text-based document retrieval. However, documents with…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Radek Osmulski , Gabriel de Souza P. Moreira , Ronay Ak , Mengyao Xu , Benedikt Schifferer , Even Oldridge

Vision-language models (VLMs) have enabled strong zero-shot classification through image-text alignment. Yet, their purely visual inference capabilities remain under-explored. In this work, we conduct a comprehensive evaluation of both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Illia Volkov , Nikita Kisel , Klara Janouskova , Jiri Matas

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have advanced VQA and now support Vision-DeepResearch systems that use search engines for complex visual-textual fact-finding. However, evaluating these visual and textual search abilities is still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yu Zeng , Wenxuan Huang , Zhen Fang , Shuang Chen , Yufan Shen , Yishuo Cai , Xiaoman Wang , Zhenfei Yin , Lin Chen , Zehui Chen , Shiting Huang , Yiming Zhao , Xu Tang , Yao Hu , Philip Torr , Wanli Ouyang , Shaosheng Cao

Zero-shot referring image segmentation aims to locate and segment the target region based on a referring expression, with the primary challenge of aligning and matching semantics across visual and textual modalities without training.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Jiachen Li , Qing Xie , Renshu Gu , Jinyu Xu , Yongjian Liu , Xiaohan Yu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is an effective technique that enables large language models (LLMs) to utilize external knowledge sources for generation. However, current RAG systems are solely based on text, rendering it impossible to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Shi Yu , Chaoyue Tang , Bokai Xu , Junbo Cui , Junhao Ran , Yukun Yan , Zhenghao Liu , Shuo Wang , Xu Han , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Visual Semantic Embedding (VSE) models, which map images into a rich semantic embedding space, have been a milestone in object recognition and zero-shot learning. Current approaches to VSE heavily rely on static word em-bedding techniques.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Yue Jiao , Jonathon Hare , Adam Prügel-Bennett

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems have predominantly focused on text-based retrieval, limiting their effectiveness in handling visually-rich documents that encompass text, images, tables, and charts. To bridge this gap, we…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Mingjun Xu , Zehui Wang , Hengxing Cai , Renxin Zhong

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel in diverse visual tasks but face challenges in document understanding, which requires fine-grained text processing. While typical visual tasks perform well with low-resolution inputs, reading-intensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Mor Shpigel Nacson , Aviad Aberdam , Roy Ganz , Elad Ben Avraham , Alona Golts , Yair Kittenplon , Shai Mazor , Ron Litman

Despite significant advancements, large multimodal models (LMMs) still struggle to bridge the gap between low-level visual perception -- focusing on shapes, sizes, and layouts -- and high-level language reasoning, such as semantics and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Zhenhailong Wang , Joy Hsu , Xingyao Wang , Kuan-Hao Huang , Manling Li , Jiajun Wu , Heng Ji

3D visual grounding (3DVG) identifies objects in 3D scenes from language descriptions. Existing zero-shot approaches leverage 2D vision-language models (VLMs) by converting 3D spatial information (SI) into forms amenable to VLM processing,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Yuanyuan Liu , Haiyang Mei , Dongyang Zhan , Jiayue Zhao , Dongsheng Zhou , Bo Dong , Xin Yang

There has been a recent spike in interest in multi-modal Language and Vision problems. On the language side, most of these models primarily focus on English since most multi-modal datasets are monolingual. We try to bridge this gap with a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Pranav Aggarwal , Ajinkya Kale

Multi-modal document pre-trained models have proven to be very effective in a variety of visually-rich document understanding (VrDU) tasks. Though existing document pre-trained models have achieved excellent performance on standard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Chuwei Luo , Guozhi Tang , Qi Zheng , Cong Yao , Lianwen Jin , Chenliang Li , Yang Xue , Luo Si

This paper attacks the challenging problem of zero-example video retrieval. In such a retrieval paradigm, an end user searches for unlabeled videos by ad-hoc queries described in natural language text with no visual example provided. Given…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-20 Jianfeng Dong , Xirong Li , Chaoxi Xu , Shouling Ji , Yuan He , Gang Yang , Xun Wang