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When people interpret text, they rely on inferences that go beyond the observed language itself. Inspired by this observation, we introduce a method for the analysis of text that takes implicitly communicated content explicitly into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Alexander Hoyle , Rupak Sarkar , Pranav Goel , Philip Resnik

Deep learning has become the dominant approach for creating high capacity, scalable models across diverse data modalities. However, because these models rely on a large number of learned parameters, tightly couple feature extraction with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Adam Gould , Francesca Toni

Visual question answering requires a deep understanding of both images and natural language. However, most methods mainly focus on visual concept; such as the relationships between various objects. The limited use of object categories…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-25 Jung-Jun Kim , Dong-Gyu Lee , Jialin Wu , Hong-Gyu Jung , Seong-Whan Lee

The last decade has seen huge progress in the development of advanced machine learning models; however, those models are powerless unless human users can interpret them. Here we show how the mind's construction of concepts and meaning can…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-07-04 Nick Condry

Referring to objects in a natural and unambiguous manner is crucial for effective human-robot interaction. Previous research on learning-based referring expressions has focused primarily on comprehension tasks, while generating referring…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Fethiye Irmak Doğan , Sinan Kalkan , Iolanda Leite

The main objective of explanations is to transmit knowledge to humans. This work proposes to construct informative explanations for predictions made from machine learning models. Motivated by the observations from social sciences, our…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-29 Freddy Lecue , Jiewen Wu

We describe a computational model of humans' ability to provide a detailed interpretation of components in a scene. Humans can identify in an image meaningful components almost everywhere, and identifying these components is an essential…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Guy Ben-Yosef , Liav Assif , Daniel Harari , Shimon Ullman

Explaining the decisions of models is becoming pervasive in the image processing domain, whether it is by using post-hoc methods or by creating inherently interpretable models. While the widespread use of surrogate explainers is a welcome…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Alexander Hepburn , Raul Santos-Rodriguez

The decision-making process of many state-of-the-art machine learning models is inherently inscrutable to the extent that it is impossible for a human to interpret the model directly: they are black box models. This has led to a call for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-07-09 Ilse van der Linden , Hinda Haned , Evangelos Kanoulas

Although deep models achieve high predictive performance, it is difficult for humans to understand the predictions they made. Explainability is important for real-world applications to justify their reliability. Many example-based…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-08 Tomoharu Iwata , Yuya Yoshikawa

In this paper, we address the task of detecting semantic parts on partially occluded objects. We consider a scenario where the model is trained using non-occluded images but tested on occluded images. The motivation is that there are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-07-26 Jianyu Wang , Cihang Xie , Zhishuai Zhang , Jun Zhu , Lingxi Xie , Alan Yuille

Generating a description of an image is called image captioning. Image captioning requires to recognize the important objects, their attributes and their relationships in an image. It also needs to generate syntactically and semantically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-16 Md. Zakir Hossain , Ferdous Sohel , Mohd Fairuz Shiratuddin , Hamid Laga

Learning interpretable representations of data generative latent factors is an important topic for the development of artificial intelligence. With the rise of the large multimodal model, it can align images with text to generate answers.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Mengdan Zhu , Zhenke Liu , Bo Pan , Abhinav Angirekula , Liang Zhao

A barrier to the wider adoption of neural networks is their lack of interpretability. While local explanation methods exist for one prediction, most global attributions still reduce neural network decisions to a single set of features. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-08 Mark Ibrahim , Melissa Louie , Ceena Modarres , John Paisley

Understanding the decision-making processes of neural networks is a central goal of mechanistic interpretability. In the context of Large Language Models (LLMs), this involves uncovering the underlying mechanisms and identifying the roles…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Nils Feldhus , Laura Kopf

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems power the world we live in. Deep neural networks (DNNs) are able to solve tasks in an ever-expanding landscape of scenarios, but our eagerness to apply these powerful models leads us to focus on their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Loris Giulivi , Mark James Carman , Giacomo Boracchi

The success of neural networks builds to a large extent on their ability to create internal knowledge representations from real-world high-dimensional data, such as images, sound, or text. Approaches to extract and present these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Lars Holmberg , Paul Davidsson , Per Linde

Classifying images with an interpretable decision-making process is a long-standing problem in computer vision. In recent years, Prototypical Part Networks has gained traction as an approach for self-explainable neural networks, due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Zhijie Zhu , Lei Fan , Maurice Pagnucco , Yang Song

Image captioning models are becoming increasingly successful at describing the content of images in restricted domains. However, if these models are to function in the wild - for example, as assistants for people with impaired vision - a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-29 Peter Anderson , Stephen Gould , Mark Johnson

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) aims to make machine learning models more transparent. While many approaches focus on generating explanations post-hoc, interpretable approaches, which generate the explanations intrinsically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Pascal Tilli , Ngoc Thang Vu
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