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Causal representation learning aims to recover the latent causal variables and their causal relations, typically represented by directed acyclic graphs (DAGs), from low-level observations such as image pixels. A prevailing line of research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Ignavier Ng , Shaoan Xie , Xinshuai Dong , Peter Spirtes , Kun Zhang

This paper studies the problem of learning the correlation structure of a set of intervention functions defined on the directed acyclic graph (DAG) of a causal model. This is useful when we are interested in jointly learning the causal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-09-29 Virginia Aglietti , Theodoros Damoulas , Mauricio Álvarez , Javier González

Directed Gaussian graphical models are statistical models that use a directed acyclic graph (DAG) to represent the conditional independence structures between a set of jointly normal random variables. The DAG specifies the model through…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2022-08-08 Pratik Misra , Seth Sullivant

Bayesian network is a frequently-used method for fault detection and diagnosis in industrial processes. The basis of Bayesian network is structure learning which learns a directed acyclic graph (DAG) from data. However, the search space…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Zhichao Chen , Zhiqiang Ge

This work addresses the problem of learning directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) from nodal observations generated by a linear structural equation model. DAG learning is a central task in signal processing, machine learning, and causal inference,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Samuel Rey , Madeline navarro , Gonzalo Mateos

Discovering cause-effect relationships between variables from observational data is a fundamental challenge in many scientific disciplines. However, in many situations it is desirable to directly estimate the change in causal relationships…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-06-15 Asish Ghoshal , Kevin Bello , Jean Honorio

The estimator of a causal directed acyclic graph (DAG) with the PC algorithm is known to be consistent based on independent and identically distributed samples. In this paper, we consider the scenario when the multivariate samples are…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-07 Rahul Biswas , Somabha Mukherjee

Conventional methods for causal structure learning from data face significant challenges due to combinatorial search space. Recently, the problem has been formulated into a continuous optimization framework with an acyclicity constraint to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-06 Hristo Petkov , Colin Hanley , Feng Dong

We study causal discovery from observational data in linear Gaussian systems affected by \emph{mixed latent confounding}, where some unobserved factors act broadly across many variables while others influence only small subsets. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Amir Asiaee , Samhita Pal , James O'quinn , James P. Long

Quantifying causal effects of exposures on outcomes, such as a treatment and a disease respectively, is a crucial issue in medical science for the administration of effective therapies. Importantly, any related causal analysis should…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-04 Federico Castelletti , Laura Ferrini

We introduce the problem of active causal structure learning with advice. In the typical well-studied setting, the learning algorithm is given the essential graph for the observational distribution and is asked to recover the underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Davin Choo , Themis Gouleakis , Arnab Bhattacharyya

We consider the joint sparse estimation of regression coefficients and the covariance matrix for covariates in a high-dimensional regression model, where the predictors are both relevant to a response variable of interest and functionally…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-21 Xuan Cao , Kyoungjae Lee

We study the problem of experimental design for accurately identifying the causal graph structure of a simple structural causal model (SCM), where the underlying graph may include both cycles and bidirected edges induced by latent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-03 Haijie Xu , Chen Zhang

We present a novel form of Fourier analysis, and associated signal processing concepts, for signals (or data) indexed by edge-weighted directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). This means that our Fourier basis yields an eigendecomposition of a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-29 Bastian Seifert , Chris Wendler , Markus Püschel

Random directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) based on imposing an order on Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi and scale free random graphs are widely used for evaluating causal discovery algorithms. We show that in such DAGs, the set of nodes reachable via open…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-08 Alexander G. Reisach , Antoine Chambaz , Gilles Blanchard , Sebastian Weichwald

Background: In epidemiology, causal inference and prediction modeling methodologies have been historically distinct. Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) are used to model a priori causal assumptions and inform variable selection strategies for…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-03 Marco Piccininni , Stefan Konigorski , Jessica L Rohmann , Tobias Kurth

We consider the problem of regularized maximum likelihood estimation for the structure and parameters of a high-dimensional, sparse directed acyclic graphical (DAG) model with Gaussian distribution, or equivalently, of a Gaussian structural…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-05-10 Sara van de Geer , Peter Bühlmann

We prove that the true underlying directed acyclic graph (DAG) in Gaussian linear structural equation models is identifiable as the minimum-trace DAG when the error variances are weakly increasing with respect to the true causal ordering.…

Computation · Statistics 2025-08-11 Hyunwoong Chang , Jaehoan Kim

Causal Bayesian networks (CBN) are popular graphical probabilistic models that encode causal relations among variables. Learning their graphical structure from observational data has received a lot of attention in the literature. When there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Christophe Gonzales , Amir-Hosein Valizadeh

Causal discovery from multivariate time series is challenging when causal effects may occur both across time and within the same sampling interval. This issue is especially important in applications such as neuroscience, where the sampling…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-22 SeyedSina Seyedi HasanAbadi , Fahimeh Arab , Erfan Nozari , AmirEmad Ghassami