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Context: Radio interferometers measure frequency components of the sky brightness, modulated by the gains of the individual radio antennas. Due to atmospheric turbulence and variations in the operational conditions of the antennas these…
The short-spacing problem describes the inherent inability of radio-interferometric arrays to measure the integrated flux and structure of diffuse emission associated with extended sources. New interferometric arrays, such as SKA, require…
The deconvolution, or cleaning, of radio interferometric images often involves computing model visibilities from a list of clean components, in order that the contribution from the model can be subtracted from the observed visibilities.…
High-resolution real-time intraocular imaging of retina at the cellular level is very challenging due to the vulnerable and confined space within the eyeball as well as the limited availability of appropriate modalities. A probe-based…
The advent of large aperture arrays, such as the ones currently under construction for the SKA project, allows for observing the Universe in the radio-spectrum at unprecedented resolution and sensitivity. To process the enormous amounts of…
Compressive sampling is a new paradigm for sampling, based on sparseness of signals or signal representations. It is much less restrictive than Nyquist-Shannon sampling theory and thus explains and systematises the widespread experience…
Pre-plasma conditions strongly influence laser-plasma interactions in the multi-petawatt (MPW) regime, increasing the need for reliable early-time plasma evolution diagnostics. Among available pre-plasma diagnostics, interferometry remains…
The development of new phased array systems in radio astronomy, as the low frequency array (LOFAR) and the square kilometre array (SKA), formed of a large number of small and flexible elementary antennas, has led to significant challenges.…
The recent boom of large language models (LLMs) has re-ignited the hope that artificial intelligence (AI) systems could aid medical diagnosis. Yet despite dazzling benchmark scores, LLM assistants have yet to deliver measurable improvements…
As we look to the next generation of adaptive optics systems, now is the time to develop and explore the technologies that will allow us to image rocky Earth-like planets; wavefront control algorithms are not only a crucial component of…
Flux calibration of spectra in reverberation mapping (RM) is most often performed by assuming the flux constancy of some specified narrow emission lines, which stem from an extended region that is sometimes partially spatially resolved, in…
With ever increasing data rates produced by modern radio telescopes like LOFAR and future telescopes like the SKA, many data processing steps are overwhelmed by the amount of data that needs to be handled using limited compute resources.…
Nuclear materials are often demanded to function for extended time in extreme environments, including high radiation fluxes and transmutation, high temperature and temperature gradients, stresses, and corrosive coolants. They also have a…
Modern interferometric imaging relies on advanced calibration that incorporates direction-dependent effects. Their increasing number of antennas (e.g. in LOFAR, VLA, MeerKAT/SKA) and sensitivity are often tempered with the accuracy of their…
We introduce a new technique for imaging the polarized radio sky using interferometric data. The new approach, which we call Faraday synthesis, combines aperture and rotation measure synthesis imaging and deconvolution into a single…
A radio interferometer indirectly measures the intensity distribution of the sky over the celestial sphere. Since measurements are made over an irregularly sampled Fourier plane, synthesising an intensity image from interferometric…
Breast cancer detection through mammography interpretation remains difficult because of the minimal nature of abnormalities that experts need to identify alongside the variable interpretations between readers. The potential of CNNs for…
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework provides a rigorous foundation for evidence synthesis, yet the manual processes of data extraction and literature screening remain time-consuming and…
In a companion paper, a faceted wideband imaging technique for radio interferometry, dubbed Faceted HyperSARA, has been introduced and validated on synthetic data. Building on the recent HyperSARA approach, Faceted HyperSARA leverages the…
Satellite image restoration aims to improve image quality by compensating for degradations (e.g., noise and blur) introduced by the imaging system and acquisition conditions. As a fundamental preprocessing step, restoration directly impacts…