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While federated learning (FL) enables fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs) without compromising data privacy, the substantial size of an LLM renders on-device training impractical for resource-constrained clients, such as mobile…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Zihan Fang , Zheng Lin , Senkang Hu , Yanan Ma , Yihang Tao , Yiqin Deng , Xianhao Chen , Yuguang Fang

Federated Learning enables the fine-tuning of foundation models (FMs) across distributed clients for specific tasks; however, its scalability is limited by the heterogeneity of client memory capacities. In this work, we propose Fed-pilot, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Zikai Zhang , Rui Hu , Ping Liu , Jiahao Xu

Federated Learning has recently been utilized to collaboratively fine-tune foundation models across multiple clients. Notably, federated low-rank adaptation LoRA-based fine-tuning methods have recently gained attention, which allows clients…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Zikai Zhang , Ping Liu , Jiahao Xu , Rui Hu

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) in federated settings enables privacy-preserving adaptation but suffers from cross-client interference due to model aggregation. Existing federated LoRA fine-tuning methods, primarily based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Jieming Bian , Lei Wang , Letian Zhang , Jie Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various domains, particularly in task generalization for both text and vision data. While fine-tuning these models can significantly enhance their performance on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Navyansh Mahla , Kshitij Sharad Jadhav , Ganesh Ramakrishnan

Federated LoRA has emerged as a promising technique for efficiently fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) on distributed devices by reducing the number of trainable parameters. However, existing approaches often inadequately overlook the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Yanzhao Hou , Jiaxiang Geng , Boyu Li , Xiaofeng Tao , Juncheng Wang , Xiaodong Xu , Bing Luo

Large language models (LLMs) show great promise in healthcare, but their applications are hindered by data privacy restrictions and the challenges of cross-institution collaboration. Sensitive medical data cannot be centralized, while…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Zeyu Chen , Yun Ji , Bowen Wang , Liwen Shi , Zijie Zeng , Sheng Zhang

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is a natural method for finetuning in communication-constrained machine learning settings such as cross-device federated learning. Prior work that has studied LoRA in the context of federated learning has focused…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Kevin Kuo , Arian Raje , Kousik Rajesh , Virginia Smith

Fine-tuning pre-trained large language models (LLMs) in a distributed manner poses significant challenges on resource-constrained edge networks. To address this challenge, we propose SflLLM, a novel framework that integrates split federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Kai Zhao , Zhaohui Yang , Ye Hu , Mingzhe Chen , Chen Zhu , Zhaoyang Zhang

Federated Learning (FL) facilitates the fine-tuning of Foundation Models (FMs) using distributed data sources, with Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) gaining popularity due to its low communication costs and strong performance. While recent work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zihao Peng , Jiandian Zeng , Boyuan Li , Guo Li , Shengbo Chen , Tian Wang

Federated fine-tuning (FedFT) has been proposed to fine-tune the pre-trained language models in a distributed manner. However, there are two critical challenges for efficient FedFT in practical applications, i.e., resource constraints and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Jun Liu , Yunming Liao , Hongli Xu , Yang Xu , Jianchun Liu , Chen Qian

Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have demonstrated their superiority and versatility in modern Natural Language Processing (NLP), effectively adapting to various downstream tasks through further fine-tuning. Federated Parameter-Efficient…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Fei Wu , Jia Hu , Geyong Min , Shiqiang Wang

With the increasing availability of Foundation Models, federated tuning has garnered attention in the field of federated learning, utilizing data and computation resources from multiple clients to collaboratively fine-tune foundation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Shangchao Su , Bin Li , Xiangyang Xue

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm that achieves a globally robust model through decentralized computation and periodic model synthesis, primarily focusing on the global model's accuracy over aggregated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Han Liang , Ziwei Zhan , Weijie Liu , Xiaoxi Zhang , Chee Wei Tan , Xu Chen

Large language models (LLMs) show amazing performance on many domain-specific tasks after fine-tuning with some appropriate data. However, many domain-specific data are privately distributed across multiple owners. Thus, this dilemma raises…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Feijie Wu , Zitao Li , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding , Jing Gao

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods, such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), are known to enhance training efficiency in Large Language Models (LLMs). Due to the limited parameters of LoRA, recent studies seek to combine LoRA with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Peijun Qing , Chongyang Gao , Yefan Zhou , Xingjian Diao , Yaoqing Yang , Soroush Vosoughi

As FMs drive progress toward Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), fine-tuning them under privacy and resource constraints has become increasingly critical particularly when highquality training data resides on distributed edge devices.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Gang Hu , Yinglei Teng , Pengfei Wu , Nan Wang

Federated learning (FL) for large language models (LLMs) has attracted increasing attention as a privacy-preserving approach for adapting models over distributed data, where parameter-efficient methods such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Zhikang Shen , Jianrong Lu , Haiyuan Wan , Jianhai Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on medical benchmarks, including question answering and diagnosis. To enable their use in clinical settings, LLMs are typically further adapted through continued pretraining…

Federated fine-tuning offers a promising solution for adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to downstream tasks while safeguarding data privacy. However, its high computational and communication demands hinder its deployment on…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Yebo Wu , Jingguang Li , Zhijiang Guo , Li Li