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Related papers: Ask-to-Clarify: Resolving Instruction Ambiguity th…

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Conversational Machine Reading (CMR) requires answering a user's initial question through multi-turn dialogue interactions based on a given document. Although there exist many effective methods, they largely neglected the alignment between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Yangyang Luo , Shiyu Tian , Caixia Yuan , Xiaojie Wang

LLM agents with tool-calling capabilities often fail when user instructions are ambiguous or incomplete, leading to incorrect invocations and task failures. Existing approaches operate in unstructured language spaces, generating clarifying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Manan Suri , Puneet Mathur , Nedim Lipka , Franck Dernoncourt , Ryan A. Rossi , Dinesh Manocha

Vision-language-action models have emerged as a crucial paradigm in robotic manipulation. However, existing VLA models exhibit notable limitations in handling ambiguous language instructions and unknown environmental states. Furthermore,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Helong Huang , Min Cen , Kai Tan , Xingyue Quan , Guowei Huang , Hong Zhang

Natural language instructions for robotic manipulation tasks often exhibit ambiguity and vagueness. For instance, the instruction "Hang a mug on the mug tree" may involve multiple valid actions if there are several mugs and branches to…

Reinforcement learning (RL) can enable task-oriented dialogue systems to steer the conversation towards successful task completion. In an end-to-end setting, a response can be constructed in a word-level sequential decision making process…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Nurul Lubis , Christian Geishauser , Michael Heck , Hsien-chin Lin , Marco Moresi , Carel van Niekerk , Milica Gašić

Explanations have gained an increasing level of interest in the AI and Machine Learning (ML) communities in order to improve model transparency and allow users to form a mental model of a trained ML model. However, explanations can go…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Stefano Teso , Öznur Alkan , Wolfang Stammer , Elizabeth Daly

Natural language serves as the primary mode of communication when an intelligent agent with a physical presence engages with human beings. While a plethora of research focuses on natural language understanding (NLU), encompassing endeavors…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Chayan Sarkar , Avik Mitra , Pradip Pramanick , Tapas Nayak

Policy steering is an emerging way to adapt robot behaviors at deployment-time: a learned verifier analyzes low-level action samples proposed by a pre-trained policy (e.g., diffusion policy) and selects only those aligned with the task.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Jessie Yuan , Yilin Wu , Andrea Bajcsy

To complete assignments provided by humans in natural language, robots must interpret commands, generate and answer relevant questions for scene understanding, and manipulate target objects. Real-world deployments often require multiple…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Xiaopan Zhang , Zejin Wang , Zhixu Li , Jianpeng Yao , Jiachen Li

Equipped with the capability to call functions, modern large language models (LLMs) can leverage external tools for addressing a range of tasks unattainable through language skills alone. However, the effective execution of these tools…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Wenxuan Wang , Juluan Shi , Zixuan Ling , Yuk-Kit Chan , Chaozheng Wang , Cheryl Lee , Youliang Yuan , Jen-tse Huang , Wenxiang Jiao , Michael R. Lyu

Recent advances in multimodal question answering have primarily focused on combining heterogeneous modalities or fine-tuning multimodal large language models. While these approaches have shown strong performance, they often rely on a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Krishna Singh Rajput , Tejas Anvekar , Chitta Baral , Vivek Gupta

Automating scientific computing workflows requires more than generating executable code: autonomous systems must also select appropriate computational strategies, implement them faithfully, and ensure that the resulting outcomes remain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Geremy Loachamín-Suntaxi , Robert Lazar , Dimitrios G. Giovanis , Ioannis G. Kevrekidis , Eleni D. Koronaki

Vision-language-action (VLA) models provide a powerful approach to training control policies for physical systems, such as robots, by combining end-to-end learning with transfer of semantic knowledge from web-scale vision-language model…

Robots deployed in dynamic environments must be able to not only follow diverse language instructions but flexibly adapt when user intent changes mid-execution. While recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have advanced multi-task…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Meng Li , Zhen Zhao , Zhengping Che , Fei Liao , Kun Wu , Zhiyuan Xu , Pei Ren , Zhao Jin , Ning Liu , Jian Tang

Recent engineering developments in specialised computational hardware, data-acquisition and storage technology have seen the emergence of Machine Learning (ML) as a powerful form of data analysis with widespread applicability beyond its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-19 Ashwin Srinivasan , Michael Bain , Enrico Coiera

Ambiguous questions persist in open-domain question answering, because formulating a precise question with a unique answer is often challenging. Previously, Min et al. (2020) have tackled this issue by generating disambiguated questions for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Dongryeol Lee , Segwang Kim , Minwoo Lee , Hwanhee Lee , Joonsuk Park , Sang-Woo Lee , Kyomin Jung

Comprehension of spoken natural language is an essential component for robots to communicate with human effectively. However, handling unconstrained spoken instructions is challenging due to (1) complex structures including a wide variety…

We introduce AmbigNLG, a novel task designed to tackle the challenge of task ambiguity in instructions for Natural Language Generation (NLG). Ambiguous instructions often impede the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs), especially in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Ayana Niwa , Hayate Iso

Robotic manipulation benefits from foundation models that describe goals, but today's agents still lack a principled way to learn from their own mistakes. We ask whether natural language can serve as feedback, an error-reasoning signal that…

We address the problem of teaching a deep reinforcement learning (RL) agent to follow instructions in multi-task environments. Instructions are expressed in a well-known formal language -- linear temporal logic (LTL) -- and can specify a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Pashootan Vaezipoor , Andrew Li , Rodrigo Toro Icarte , Sheila McIlraith