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LLM-driven multi-agent frameworks address complex reasoning tasks through multi-role collaboration. However, existing approaches often suffer from reasoning instability, where individual agent errors are amplified through collaboration,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Haoyu Bian , Chaoning Zhang , Jiaquan Zhang , Xingyao Li , Yuanfang Guo , Wei Dong , Yang Yang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel at descriptive tasks within images but often struggle with precise object localization, a critical element for reliable visual interpretation. In contrast, traditional object detection models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Jingru Yang , Huan Yu , Yang Jingxin , Chentianye Xu , Yin Biao , Yu Sun , Shengfeng He

Large-scale pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as CLIP, establish the correlation between texts and images, achieving remarkable success on various downstream tasks with fine-tuning. In existing fine-tuning methods, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Yi Zhang , Ce Zhang , Yushun Tang , Zhihai He

In recent years, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made significant strides by training on vast high-quality image-text datasets, enabling them to generally understand images well. However, the inherent difficulty in explicitly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Yuanze Lin , Yunsheng Li , Dongdong Chen , Weijian Xu , Ronald Clark , Philip Torr , Lu Yuan

Knowledge-based visual question answering (KB-VQA) requires vision-language models to understand images and use external knowledge, especially for rare entities and long-tail facts. Most existing retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Zhuohong Chen , Zhenxian Wu , Yunyao Yu , Hangrui Xu , Zirui Liao , Zhifang Liu , Xiangwen Deng , Pen Jiao , Haoqian Wang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved notable performance in computer vision tasks that require reasoning across visual and textual modalities, yet their capabilities are limited to their pre-trained data, requiring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Mirco Bonomo , Simone Bianco

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) show promise for autonomous driving, yet their struggle with hallucinations, inefficient reasoning, and limited real-world validation hinders accurate perception and robust step-by-step reasoning. To overcome…

Unpaired Image Captioning (UIC) has been developed to learn image descriptions from unaligned vision-language sample pairs. Existing works usually tackle this task using adversarial learning and visual concept reward based on reinforcement…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Peipei Zhu , Xiao Wang , Lin Zhu , Zhenglong Sun , Weishi Zheng , Yaowei Wang , Changwen Chen

Automated content-aware layout generation -- the task of arranging visual elements such as text, logos, and underlays on a background canvas -- remains a fundamental yet under-explored problem in intelligent design systems. While recent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Najmeh Forouzandehmehr , Reza Yousefi Maragheh , Sriram Kollipara , Kai Zhao , Topojoy Biswas , Evren Korpeoglu , Kannan Achan

Recent advances in visual-language machine learning models have demonstrated exceptional ability to use natural language and understand visual scenes by training on large, unstructured datasets. However, this training paradigm cannot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Anthony C Davis , Burhan Sadiq , Tianmin Shu , Chien-Ming Huang

Recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities. However, evaluating their capacity for human-like understanding in One-Image Guides remains insufficiently explored. One-Image Guides are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Jiancong Xie , Wenjin Wang , Zhuomeng Zhang , Zihan Liu , Qi Liu , Ke Feng , Zixun Sun , Yuedong Yang

Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance by effectively integrating visual and textual information to solve complex tasks. However, it is not clear how these models reason over the visual and textual data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Pouya Pezeshkpour , Moin Aminnaseri , Estevam Hruschka

While Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at reasoning on text and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are highly effective for visual perception, applying those models for visual instruction-based planning remains a widely open problem. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Mohamed Salim Aissi , Clemence Grislain , Mohamed Chetouani , Olivier Sigaud , Laure Soulier , Nicolas Thome

Vision language models (VLMs) are increasingly deployed as controllers with access to external tools for complex reasoning and decision-making, yet their effectiveness remains limited by the scarcity of high-quality multimodal trajectories…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Tajamul Ashraf , Umair Nawaz , Abdelrahman M. Shaker , Rao Anwer , Philip Torr , Fahad Shahbaz Khan , Salman Khan

Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) links language to region level visual perception. Standard benchmarks (RefCOCO, RefCOCO+, RefCOCOg) have progressed rapidly with multimodal LLMs but remain weak tests of visual reasoning and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Qihua Dong , Kuo Yang , Lin Ju , Handong Zhao , Yitian Zhang , Yizhou Wang , Huimin Zeng , Jianglin Lu , Yun Fu

Reranking is a critical component in many information retrieval pipelines. Despite remarkable progress in text-only settings, multimodal reranking remains challenging, particularly when the candidate set contains hybrid text and image…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yupei Yang , Lin Yang , Wanxi Deng , Lin Qu , Shikui Tu , Lei Xu

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel at understanding single images, aided by high-quality instruction datasets. However, multi-image reasoning remains underexplored in the open-source community due to two key challenges: (1) scaling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Andrew Li , Rahul Thapa , Rahul Chalamala , Qingyang Wu , Kezhen Chen , James Zou

Vision-language models (VLMs) have enabled strong zero-shot classification through image-text alignment. Yet, their purely visual inference capabilities remain under-explored. In this work, we conduct a comprehensive evaluation of both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Illia Volkov , Nikita Kisel , Klara Janouskova , Jiri Matas

Large Language Models' (LLM) reasoning can be improved using test-time aggregation strategies, i.e., generating multiple samples and voting among generated samples. While these improve performance, they often reach a saturation point.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Justin Chih-Yao Chen , Archiki Prasad , Swarnadeep Saha , Elias Stengel-Eskin , Mohit Bansal

Existing instruction-based image editing models perform well with simple, single-step instructions but degrade in realistic scenarios that involve multiple, lengthy, and interdependent directives. A main cause is the scarcity of training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Zhaoyuan Qiu , Ken Chen , Xiangwei Wang , Yu Xia , Sachith Seneviratne , Saman Halgamuge