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Pre-trained vision models (PVMs) are fundamental to modern robotics, yet their optimal configuration remains unclear. Through systematic evaluation, we find that while DINO and iBOT outperform MAE across visuomotor control and perception…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Xin Wen , Bingchen Zhao , Yilun Chen , Jiangmiao Pang , Xiaojuan Qi

There have been numerous advances in reinforcement learning, but the typically unconstrained exploration of the learning process prevents the adoption of these methods in many safety critical applications. Recent work in safe reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-02 David Isele , Alireza Nakhaei , Kikuo Fujimura

Ensuring robot safety in complex environments is a difficult task due to actuation limits, such as torque bounds. This paper presents a safety-critical control framework that leverages learning-based switching between multiple backup…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Neil C. Janwani , Ersin Daş , Thomas Touma , Skylar X. Wei , Tamas G. Molnar , Joel W. Burdick

Ensuring safety of nonlinear systems under model uncertainty and external disturbances is crucial, especially for real-world control tasks. Predictive methods such as robust model predictive control (RMPC) require solving nonconvex…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-14 Zeyang Li , Chuxiong Hu , Weiye Zhao , Changliu Liu

This paper introduces differentiable higher-order control barrier functions (CBF) that are end-to-end trainable together with learning systems. CBFs are usually overly conservative, while guaranteeing safety. Here, we address their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Wei Xiao , Ramin Hasani , Xiao Li , Daniela Rus

Safety has become one of the main challenges of applying deep reinforcement learning to real world systems. Currently, the incorporation of external knowledge such as human oversight is the only means to prevent the agent from visiting the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Yunkun Xu , Zhenyu Liu , Guifang Duan , Jiangcheng Zhu , Xiaolong Bai , Jianrong Tan

A learning-based safety filter is developed for discrete-time linear time-invariant systems with unknown models subject to Gaussian noises with unknown covariance. Safety is characterized using polytopic constraints on the states and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Farhad Farokhi , Alex S. Leong , Mohammad Zamani , Iman Shames

The growth of global consumption has motivated important applications of deep learning to smart manufacturing and machine health monitoring. In particular, analyzing vibration data offers great potential to extract meaningful insights into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Anthony Zhou , Amir Barati Farimani

We present Recurrent Vision Transformers (RVTs), a novel backbone for object detection with event cameras. Event cameras provide visual information with sub-millisecond latency at a high-dynamic range and with strong robustness against…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Mathias Gehrig , Davide Scaramuzza

Action-conditioned robot world models generate future video frames of the manipulated scene given a robot action sequence, offering a promising alternative for simulating tasks that are difficult to model with traditional physics engines.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Jai Bardhan , Patrik Drozdik , Josef Sivic , Vladimir Petrik

As robots become increasingly integrated into open-world, human-centered environments, their ability to interpret natural language instructions and adhere to safety constraints is critical for effective and trustworthy interaction. Existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Zeyuan Feng , Haimingyue Zhang , Somil Bansal

Over the past decade, deep learning models have exhibited considerable advancements, reaching or even exceeding human-level performance in a range of visual perception tasks. This remarkable progress has sparked interest in applying deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Yulin Wang , Yizeng Han , Chaofei Wang , Shiji Song , Qi Tian , Gao Huang

Pre-training for Reinforcement Learning (RL) with purely video data is a valuable yet challenging problem. Although in-the-wild videos are readily available and inhere a vast amount of prior world knowledge, the absence of action…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Hao Luo , Bohan Zhou , Zongqing Lu

The pretrain-finetune paradigm usually improves downstream performance over training a model from scratch on the same task, becoming commonplace across many areas of machine learning. While pretraining is empirically observed to be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Gabriele Merlin , Vedant Nanda , Ruchit Rawal , Mariya Toneva

Increasingly sophisticated mathematical modelling processes from Machine Learning are being used to analyse complex data. However, the performance and explainability of these models within practical critical systems requires a rigorous and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Xingyu Zhao , Alec Banks , James Sharp , Valentin Robu , David Flynn , Michael Fisher , Xiaowei Huang

The large-scale integration of intermittent renewable energy resources introduces increased uncertainty and volatility to the supply side of power systems, thereby complicating system operation and control. Recently, data-driven approaches,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-02 Peipei Yu , Zhenyi Wang , Hongcai Zhang , Yonghua Song

Control policy learning for modular robot locomotion has previously been limited to proprioceptive feedback and flat terrain. This paper develops policies for modular systems with vision traversing more challenging environments. These…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Julian Whitman , Howie Choset

Although an ever-growing number of applications employ deep learning based systems for prediction, decision-making, or state estimation, almost no certification processes have been established that would allow such systems to be deployed in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Romeo Valentin

Recent studies show that vision models pre-trained in generic visual learning tasks with large-scale data can provide useful feature representations for a wide range of visual perception problems. However, few attempts have been made to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Feng Lu , Lijun Zhang , Xiangyuan Lan , Shuting Dong , Yaowei Wang , Chun Yuan

In recent years, deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approaches have generated highly successful controllers for a myriad of complex domains. However, the opaque nature of these models limits their applicability in aerospace systems and…

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