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Recent regulations on the Right to be Forgotten have greatly influenced the way of running a recommender system, because users now have the right to withdraw their private data. Besides simply deleting the target data in the database,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Yuyuan Li , Chaochao Chen , Xiaolin Zheng , Yizhao Zhang , Biao Gong , Jun Wang

The growing use of large language models in sensitive domains has exposed a critical weakness: the inability to ensure that private information can be permanently forgotten. Yet these systems still lack reliable mechanisms to guarantee that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 James Jin Kang , Dang Bui , Thanh Pham , Huo-Chong Ling

Machine unlearning as an emerging research topic for data regulations, aims to adjust a trained model to approximate a retrained one that excludes a portion of training data. Previous studies showed that class-wise unlearning is successful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Jianing Zhu , Bo Han , Jiangchao Yao , Jianliang Xu , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

While large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities, they increasingly face demands to unlearn memorized privacy-sensitive, copyrighted, or harmful content. Existing unlearning methods primarily focus on \emph{single-shot}…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Xiaoyu Xu , Minxin Du , Kun Fang , Yaxin Xiao , Zhicong Huang , Cheng Hong , Qingqing Ye , Haibo Hu

Machine unlearning techniques aim to mitigate unintended memorization in large language models (LLMs). However, existing approaches predominantly focus on the explicit removal of isolated facts, often overlooking latent inferential…

State-of-the-art generative models exhibit powerful image-generation capabilities, introducing various ethical and legal challenges to service providers hosting these models. Consequently, Content Removal Techniques (CRTs) have emerged as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Piyush Nagasubramaniam , Neeraj Karamchandani , Chen Wu , Sencun Zhu

Recently, the enactment of privacy regulations has promoted the rise of the machine unlearning paradigm. Existing studies of machine unlearning mainly focus on sample-wise unlearning, such that a learnt model will not expose user's privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Tao Guo , Song Guo , Jiewei Zhang , Wenchao Xu , Junxiao Wang

As AI models are trained on ever-expanding datasets, the ability to remove the influence of specific data from trained models has become essential for privacy protection and regulatory compliance. Unlearning addresses this challenge by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Shizhou Xu , Yuan Ni , Stefan Broecker , Thomas Strohmer

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in memorizing vast amounts of knowledge across diverse domains. However, the ability to selectively forget specific knowledge is critical for ensuring the safety and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zhijie Deng , Chris Yuhao Liu , Zirui Pang , Xinlei He , Lei Feng , Qi Xuan , Zhaowei Zhu , Jiaheng Wei

The trustworthy machine learning (ML) community is increasingly recognizing the crucial need for models capable of selectively 'unlearning' data points after training. This leads to the problem of machine unlearning (MU), aiming to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Chongyu Fan , Jiancheng Liu , Alfred Hero , Sijia Liu

Unlearning in Large Language Models (LLMs) is essential for ensuring ethical and responsible AI use, especially in addressing privacy leak, bias, safety, and evolving regulations. Existing approaches to LLM unlearning often rely on retain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Yaxuan Wang , Jiaheng Wei , Chris Yuhao Liu , Jinlong Pang , Quan Liu , Ankit Parag Shah , Yujia Bao , Yang Liu , Wei Wei

The LLM unlearning aims to eliminate the influence of undesirable data without affecting causally unrelated information. This process typically involves using a forget set to remove target information, alongside a retain set to maintain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Hang Chen , Jiaying Zhu , Xinyu Yang , Wenya Wang

Unsupervised Continual Learning (UCL) is a burgeoning field in machine learning, focusing on enabling neural networks to sequentially learn tasks without explicit label information. Catastrophic Forgetting (CF), where models forget…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Mohammadreza Sadeghi , Zihan Wang , Narges Armanfard

Unified Multimodal Generative Models (UMGMs) unify visual understanding and image generation within a single autoregressive framework. However, their ability to continually learn new tasks is severely hindered by catastrophic forgetting,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Xiwen Wei , Mustafa Munir , Radu Marculescu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong potential in accelerating digital hardware design through automated code generation. Yet, ensuring their reliability remains a critical challenge, as existing LLMs trained on massive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Yiwen Liang , Qiufeng Li , Shikai Wang , Weidong Cao

This study investigates the concept of the `right to be forgotten' within the context of large language models (LLMs). We explore machine unlearning as a pivotal solution, with a focus on pre-trained models--a notably under-researched area.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Jin Yao , Eli Chien , Minxin Du , Xinyao Niu , Tianhao Wang , Zezhou Cheng , Xiang Yue

Continual Federated Learning (CFL) is essential for enabling real-world applications where multiple decentralized clients adaptively learn from continuous data streams. A significant challenge in CFL is mitigating catastrophic forgetting,…

Unlearning in large language models (LLMs) aims to remove specified data, but its efficacy is typically assessed with task-level metrics like accuracy and perplexity. We show that these metrics can be misleading, as models can appear to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Xiaoyu Xu , Xiang Yue , Yang Liu , Qingqing Ye , Huadi Zheng , Peizhao Hu , Minxin Du , Haibo Hu

Machine unlearning aims to remove the influence of specific training data from a learned model without full retraining. While recent work has begun to explore unlearning in quantum machine learning, existing approaches largely rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Nausherwan Malik , Zubair Khalid , Muhammad Faryad

Large Language Models (LLMs) trained on extensive datasets often learn sensitive information, which raises significant social and legal concerns under principles such as the "Right to be forgotten." Retraining entire models from scratch to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Kun-Woo Kim , Ji-Hoon Park , Ju-Min Han , Seong-Whan Lee
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