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The agnostic setting is the hardest generalization of the PAC model since it is akin to learning with adversarial noise. In this paper, we give a poly$(n,t,{\frac{1}{\varepsilon}})$ quantum algorithm for learning size $t$ decision trees…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-07 Sagnik Chatterjee , Tharrmashastha SAPV , Debajyoti Bera

Characterizing a quantum system by learning its state or evolution is a fundamental problem in quantum physics and learning theory with a myriad of applications. Recently, as a new approach to this problem, the task of agnostic state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-25 Chirag Wadhwa , Laura Lewis , Elham Kashefi , Mina Doosti

We analyze the complexity of learning $n$-qubit quantum phase states. A degree-$d$ phase state is defined as a superposition of all $2^n$ basis vectors $x$ with amplitudes proportional to $(-1)^{f(x)}$, where $f$ is a degree-$d$ Boolean…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-04 Srinivasan Arunachalam , Sergey Bravyi , Arkopal Dutt , Theodore J. Yoder

Using quantum algorithms, we obtain, for accuracy $\epsilon>0$ and confidence $1-\delta,0<\delta<1,$ a new sample complexity upper bound of $O((\mbox{log}(\frac{1}{\delta}))/\epsilon)$ as $\epsilon,\delta\rightarrow 0$ for a general…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-22 Daniel Z. Zanger

We extend directed quantum circuit synthesis (DQCS) with reinforcement learning from purely discrete gate selection to parameterized quantum state preparation with continuous single-qubit rotations \(R_x\), \(R_y\), and \(R_z\). We compare…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Gerhard Stenzel , Isabella Debelic , Michael Kölle , Tobias Rohe , Leo Sünkel , Julian Hager , Claudia Linnhoff-Popien

Efficiently characterizing large quantum states and processes is a central yet notoriously challenging task in quantum information science, as conventional tomography methods typically require resources that grow exponentially with system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Chenyang Li , Shengxin Zhuang , Yukun Zhang , Jingbo B. Wang , Xiao Yuan , Yusen Wu , Chuan Wang

We establish the necessary and sufficient conditions for unbiased estimation in multi-parameter estimation tasks. More specifically, we first consider quantum state estimation, where multiple parameters are encoded in a quantum state, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Hyukgun Kwon , Kento Tsubouchi , Chia-Tung Chu , Liang Jiang

We define a quantum learning task called agnostic tomography, where given copies of an arbitrary state $\rho$ and a class of quantum states $\mathcal{C}$, the goal is to output a succinct description of a state that approximates $\rho$ at…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Sabee Grewal , Vishnu Iyer , William Kretschmer , Daniel Liang

Quantum convolutional neural networks (QCNNs) have been introduced as classifiers for gapped quantum phases of matter. Here, we propose a model-independent protocol for training QCNNs to discover order parameters that are unchanged under…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-05 Yu-Jie Liu , Adam Smith , Michael Knap , Frank Pollmann

We give a polynomial time algorithm that, given copies of an unknown quantum state $\vert\psi\rangle=U\vert 0^n\rangle$ that is prepared by an unknown constant depth circuit $U$ on a finite-dimensional lattice, learns a constant depth…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-18 Zeph Landau , Yunchao Liu

(Abridged) Designing computationally efficient algorithms in the agnostic learning model (Haussler, 1992; Kearns et al., 1994) is notoriously difficult. In this work, we consider agnostic learning with membership queries for touchstone…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Ari Karchmer

Suppose we have a weak learning algorithm $\mathcal{A}$ for a Boolean-valued problem: $\mathcal{A}$ produces hypotheses whose bias $\gamma$ is small, only slightly better than random guessing (this could, for instance, be due to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-18 Srinivasan Arunachalam , Reevu Maity

Boosting is a key method in statistical learning, allowing for converting weak learners into strong ones. While well studied in the realizable case, the statistical properties of weak-to-strong learning remain less understood in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Arthur da Cunha , Mikael Møller Høgsgaard , Andrea Paudice , Yuxin Sun

Classification of quantum phases is one of the most important areas of research in condensed matter physics. In this work, we obtain the phase diagram of one-dimensional quasiperiodic models via unsupervised learning. Firstly, we choose two…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-10-22 Bohan Zheng , Siyu Zhu , Xingping Zhou , Tong Liu

We develop a framework for learning from noisy quantum experiments in which fault-tolerant devices access uncharacterized systems through noisy couplings. Introducing the complexity class $\textsf{NBQP}$ ("noisy BQP''), we model noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-15 Jordan Cotler , Weiyuan Gong , Ishaan Kannan

We consider the problem of boosting the accuracy of weak learning algorithms in the agnostic learning framework of Haussler (1992) and Kearns et al. (1992). Known algorithms for this problem (Ben-David et al., 2001; Gavinsky, 2002; Kalai et…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-02-22 Vitaly Feldman

The classification of phases and the detection of phase transitions are central and challenging tasks in diverse fields. Within physics, it relies on the identification of order parameters and the analysis of singularities in the free…

The classification of phase transitions is a central and challenging task in condensed matter physics. Typically, it relies on the identification of order parameters and the analysis of singularities in the free energy and its derivatives.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-07-31 Askery Canabarro , Felipe Fernandes Fanchini , André Luiz Malvezzi , Rodrigo Pereira , Rafael Chaves

We investigate the computational efficiency of agnostic learning for several fundamental geometric concept classes in the plane. While the sample complexity of agnostic learning is well understood, its time complexity has received much less…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Talya Eden , Ludmila Glinskih , Sofya Raskhodnikova

Quantum machine learning offers a promising advantage in extracting information about quantum states, e.g. phase diagram. However, access to training labels is a major bottleneck for any supervised approach, preventing getting insights…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-13 Saverio Monaco , Oriel Kiss , Antonio Mandarino , Sofia Vallecorsa , Michele Grossi
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