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We study the problem of learning multi-task, multi-agent policies for cooperative, temporal objectives, under centralized training, decentralized execution. In this setting, using automata to represent tasks enables the decomposition of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Beyazit Yalcinkaya , Marcell Vazquez-Chanlatte , Ameesh Shah , Hanna Krasowski , Sanjit A. Seshia

Value Decomposition (VD) aims to deduce the contributions of agents for decentralized policies in the presence of only global rewards, and has recently emerged as a powerful credit assignment paradigm for tackling cooperative Multi-Agent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Shunyu Liu , Yihe Zhou , Jie Song , Tongya Zheng , Kaixuan Chen , Tongtian Zhu , Zunlei Feng , Mingli Song

Cooperation is fundamental in Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) and Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), often requiring agents to balance individual gains with collective rewards. In this regard, this paper aims to investigate strategies to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Vaigarai Sathi , Sabahat Shaik , Jaswanth Nidamanuri

Multi-agent reinforcement learning for incomplete information environments has attracted extensive attention from researchers. However, due to the slow sample collection and poor sample exploration, there are still some problems in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Shuhan Qi , Shuhao Zhang , Xiaohan Hou , Jiajia Zhang , Xuan Wang , Jing Xiao

Real-world congestion problems (e.g. traffic congestion) are typically very complex and large-scale. Multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL) is a promising candidate for dealing with this emerging complexity by providing an autonomous and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-09-02 Kleanthis Malialis , Sam Devlin , Daniel Kudenko

The agent-environment co-design paradigm jointly optimises agent policies and environment configurations in search of improved system performance. With application domains ranging from warehouse logistics to windfarm management, co-design…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Hao Xiang Li , Michael Amir , Amanda Prorok

Reinforcement learning (RL) paradigms have demonstrated strong performance on reasoning-intensive tasks such as code generation. However, limited trajectory diversity often leads to diminishing returns, which constrains the achievable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Pengfei Li , Shijie Wang , Fangyuan Li , Yikun Fu , Kaifeng Liu , Kaiyan Zhang , Dazhi Zhang , Yuqiang Li , Biqing Qi , Bowen Zhou

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is a challenging task, as agents must learn complex and diverse individual strategies from a shared team reward. However, existing methods struggle to distinguish and exploit important…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Xunhan Hu , Jian Zhao , Wengang Zhou , Ruili Feng , Houqiang Li

Cooperative problems under continuous control have always been the focus of multi-agent reinforcement learning. Existing algorithms suffer from the problem of uneven learning degree with the increase of the number of agents. In this paper,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Kai Liu , Yuyang Zhao , Gang Wang , Bei Peng

Counterfactual thinking describes a psychological phenomenon that people re-infer the possible results with different solutions about things that have already happened. It helps people to gain more experience from mistakes and thus to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-19 Yue Wang , Yao Wan , Chenwei Zhang , Lixin Cui , Lu Bai , Philip S. Yu

Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) solves complex tasks that require coordination from multiple agents, but is often limited to either local (independent learning) or global (centralized learning) perspectives. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 David Eckel , Henri Meeß

We explore deep reinforcement learning methods for multi-agent domains. We begin by analyzing the difficulty of traditional algorithms in the multi-agent case: Q-learning is challenged by an inherent non-stationarity of the environment,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Ryan Lowe , Yi Wu , Aviv Tamar , Jean Harb , Pieter Abbeel , Igor Mordatch

Effective cross-functional coordination is essential for enhancing firm-wide profitability, particularly in the face of growing organizational complexity and scale. Recent advances in artificial intelligence, especially in reinforcement…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Jinyang Jiang , Jinhui Han , Yijie Peng , Ying Zhang

Preventing collisions in multi-robot navigation is crucial for deployment. This requirement hinders the use of learning-based approaches, such as multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), on their own due to their lack of safety…

A large amount of work has been done in Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) for modeling and solving problems with multiple interacting agents. However, most LLMs are pretrained independently and not specifically optimized for coordination. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Shuo Liu , Tianle Chen , Zeyu Liang , Xueguang Lyu , Christopher Amato

There is a growing interest in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) as the first steps towards building general intelligent agents that learn to make low and high-level decisions in non-stationary complex environments in the presence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Marco Jerome Gasparrini , Ricard Solé , Martí Sánchez-Fibla

Developing effective Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) is critical for many applications requiring collaboration and coordination with humans. Despite the rapid advance of Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning (MADRL) in cooperative MAS, one…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Thuy Ngoc Nguyen , Duy Nhat Phan , Cleotilde Gonzalez

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) commonly adopts centralized training with decentralized execution, where value-factorization methods enforce the individual-global-maximum (IGM) principle so that decentralized greedy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Chengrui Qu , Christopher Yeh , Kishan Panaganti , Eric Mazumdar , Adam Wierman

Learning optimal behavior policy for each agent in multi-agent systems is an essential yet difficult problem. Despite fruitful progress in multi-agent reinforcement learning, the challenge of addressing the dynamics of whether two agents…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Kunyang Lin , Yufeng Wang , Peihao Chen , Runhao Zeng , Siyuan Zhou , Mingkui Tan , Chuang Gan

This paper investigates the dynamics of competition among organizations with unequal expertise. Multi-agent reinforcement learning has been used to simulate and understand the impact of various incentive schemes designed to offset such…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Paramita Koley , Aurghya Maiti , Sourangshu Bhattacharya , Niloy Ganguly
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