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Related papers: Defining, Understanding, and Detecting Online Toxi…

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Essay submissions to standardized tests like the ACT occasionally include references to bullying, self-harm, violence, and other forms of disturbing content. Graders must take great care to identify cases like these and decide whether to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Joseph Valencia , Erin Yao

To address the global challenge of online hate speech, prior research has developed detection models to flag such content on social media. However, due to systematic biases in evaluation datasets, the real-world effectiveness of these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Manuel Tonneau , Diyi Liu , Niyati Malhotra , Scott A. Hale , Samuel P. Fraiberger , Victor Orozco-Olvera , Paul Röttger

Hateful and offensive content detection has been extensively explored in a single modality such as text. However, such toxic information could also be communicated via multimodal content such as online memes. Therefore, detecting multimodal…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-16 Rui Cao , Ziqing Fan , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Wen-Haw Chong , Jing Jiang

Hate speech detection is a critical problem in social media platforms, being often accused for enabling the spread of hatred and igniting physical violence. Hate speech detection requires overwhelming resources including high-performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-14 Tomer Wullach , Amir Adler , Einat Minkov

The success of machine learning is fueled by the increasing availability of computing power and large training datasets. The training data is used to learn new models or update existing ones, assuming that it is sufficiently representative…

This paper envisions a multi-agent system for detecting the presence of hate speech in online social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook. We introduce a novel framework employing deep learning techniques to coordinate the channels…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Gaurav Sahu , Robin Cohen , Olga Vechtomova

As open-ended human-chatbot interaction becomes commonplace, sensitive content detection gains importance. In this work, we propose a two stage semi-supervised approach to bootstrap large-scale data for automatic sensitive language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-03 Chandra Khatri , Behnam Hedayatnia , Rahul Goel , Anushree Venkatesh , Raefer Gabriel , Arindam Mandal

Hate Speech has become a major content moderation issue for online social media platforms. Given the volume and velocity of online content production, it is impossible to manually moderate hate speech related content on any platform. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Sudhanshu Mishra , Shivangi Prasad , Shubhanshu Mishra

Hate speech is commonly defined as any communication that disparages a target group of people based on some characteristic such as race, colour, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, nationality, religion, or other characteristic. Due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-13 Ona de Gibert , Naiara Perez , Aitor García-Pablos , Montse Cuadros

Automatic toxic language detection is critical for creating safe, inclusive online spaces. However, it is a highly subjective task, with perceptions of toxic language shaped by community norms and lived experience. Existing toxicity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Ashima Suvarna , Christina Chance , Karolina Naranjo , Hamid Palangi , Sophie Hao , Thomas Hartvigsen , Saadia Gabriel

Toxic contents in online product review are a common phenomenon. A content is perceived to be toxic when it is rude, disrespectful, or unreasonable and make individuals leave the discussion. Machine learning algorithms helps the sell side…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Mayukh Mukhopadhyay , Sangeeta Sahney

Automatic hate speech detection in online social networks is an important open problem in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Hate speech is a multidimensional issue, strongly dependant on language and cultural factors. Despite its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Aymé Arango , Jorge Pérez , Barbara Poblete

Hate speech causes widespread and deep-seated societal issues. Proper enforcement of hate speech laws is key for protecting groups of people against harmful and discriminatory language. However, determining what constitutes hate speech is a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Chu Fei Luo , Rohan Bhambhoria , Xiaodan Zhu , Samuel Dahan

Having a quality annotated corpus is essential especially for applied research. Despite the recent focus of Web science community on researching about cyberbullying, the community dose not still have standard benchmarks. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-25 Mohammadreza Rezvan , Saeedeh Shekarpour , Lakshika Balasuriya , Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan , Valerie Shalin , Amit Sheth

In the pursuit of bolstering user safety, social media platforms deploy active moderation strategies, including content removal and user suspension. These measures target users engaged in discussions marked by hate speech or toxicity, often…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Hina Qayyum , Muhammad Ikram , Benjamin Zi Hao Zhao , Ian D. Wood , Nicolas Kourtellis , Mohamed Ali Kaafar

Analysing multilingual social media discourse remains a major challenge in natural language processing, particularly when large-scale public debates span across diverse languages. This study investigates how different approaches for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Deepak Uniyal , Md Abul Bashar , Richi Nayak

In recent years, the increasing propagation of hate speech on social media and the urgent need for effective counter-measures have drawn significant investment from governments, companies, and researchers. A large number of methods have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-26 Ziqi Zhang , Lei Luo

Social media is a modern person's digital voice to project and engage with new ideas and mobilise communities $\unicode{x2013}$ a power shared with extremists. Given the societal risks of unvetted content-moderating algorithms for…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Jarod Govers , Philip Feldman , Aaron Dant , Panos Patros

With the continuous growth of internet users and media content, it is very hard to track down hateful speech in audio and video. Converting video or audio into text does not detect hate speech accurately as human sometimes uses hateful…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Fariha Tahosin Boishakhi , Ponkoj Chandra Shill , Md. Golam Rabiul Alam

The societal issue of digital hostility has previously attracted a lot of attention. The topic counts an ample body of literature, yet remains prominent and challenging as ever due to its subjective nature. We posit that a better…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Antigoni-Maria Founta , Lucia Specia