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Related papers: Formalizing contextuality in sequential scenarios

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Learning a causal effect from observational data is not straightforward, as this is not possible without further assumptions. If hidden common causes between treatment $X$ and outcome $Y$ cannot be blocked by other measurements, one…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-11-10 Ricardo Silva , Shohei Shimizu

Detecting and explaining anomalies is a challenging effort. This holds especially true when data exhibits strong dependencies and single measurements need to be assessed and analyzed in their respective context. In this work, we consider…

The Contextuality-by-Default (CbD) theory allows one to separate contextuality from context-dependent errors and violations of selective influences (aka "no-signaling" or "no-disturbance" principles). This makes the theory especially…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-08-25 Ru Zhang , Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov

Variational inequalities are modelling tools used to capture a variety of decision-making problems arising in mathematical optimization, operations research, game theory. The scenario approach is a set of techniques developed to tackle…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-03-17 Dario Paccagnan , Marco C. Campi

Contextuality is often referred to as a generalization of non-locality. In this work, using the hypergraph approach for contextuality we show how to associate a contextual scenario to a general k-partite non local game, and consider the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-07 Sacha Huriot-Tattegrain , Mehdi Mhalla

We consider a model identification problem in which an outcome variable contains nonignorable missing values. Statistical inference requires a guarantee of the model identifiability to obtain estimators enjoying theoretically reasonable…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-06 Kenji Beppu , Kosuke Morikawa

When transforming pairs of independent quantum operations according to the fundamental rules of quantum theory, an intriguing phenomenon emerges: some such higher-order operations may act on the input operations in an indefinite causal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-08 Jessica Bavaresco , Mateus Araújo , Časlav Brukner , Marco Túlio Quintino

Traditional security scanners fail when facing new attack patterns they haven't seen before. They rely on fixed rules and predetermined signatures, making them blind to novel threats. We present a fundamentally different approach: instead…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Ayush Chaudhary

In many scientific fields, such as economics and neuroscience, we are often faced with nonstationary time series, and concerned with both finding causal relations and forecasting the values of variables of interest, both of which are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-01 Biwei Huang , Kun Zhang , Mingming Gong , Clark Glymour

This paper has two purposes. One is to demonstrate contextuality analysis of systems of epistemic random variables. The other is to evaluate the performance of a new, hierarchical version of the measure of (non)contextuality introduced in…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-09-04 Víctor H. Cervantes , Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov

Terms in diachronic text corpora may exhibit a high degree of semantic dynamics that is only partially captured by the common notion of semantic change. The new measure of context volatility that we propose models the degree by which terms…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-16 Christian Kahmann , Andreas Niekler , Gerhard Heyer

Cyclic systems of dichotomous random variables have played a prominent role in contextuality research, describing such experimental paradigms as the Klyachko-Can-Binicoglu-Shumovky, Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-Bell, and Leggett-Garg ones in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-19 Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov , Janne V. Kujala , Víctor H. Cervantes

Quantum contextuality describes situations where the statistics observed in different measurement contexts cannot be explained by a measurement independent reality of the system. The most simple case is observed in a three-dimensional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-28 Holger F. Hofmann

Many natural and technological systems fail to adapt to changing external conditions and move to a different state if the conditions vary too fast. Such "non-adiabatic" processes are ubiquitous, but little understood. We identify these…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-06-18 Clare Perryman , Sebastian Wieczorek

Standard semi-classical models of decoherence do not take explicit account of the classical information required to specify the system - environment boundary. I show that this information can be represented as a finite set of reference…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-05 Chris Fields

The paper concerns the probabilistic evaluation of plans in the presence of unmeasured variables, each plan consisting of several concurrent or sequential actions. We establish a graphical criterion for recognizing when the effects of a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-21 Judea Pearl , James M. Robins

Uncertainty in economics still poses some fundamental problems illustrated, e.g., by the Allais and Ellsberg paradoxes. To overcome these difficulties, economists have introduced an interesting distinction between 'risk' and 'ambiguity'…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-01-08 Diederik Aerts , Sandro Sozzo

In terminology work, natural language processing, and digital humanities, several studies address the analysis of variations in context and meaning of terms in order to detect semantic change and the evolution of terms. We distinguish three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-12 Gerhard Heyer , Cathleen Kantner , Andreas Niekler , Max Overbeck , Gregor Wiedemann

Modeling sequential user behaviors for future behavior prediction is crucial in improving user's information retrieval experience. Recent studies highlight the importance of incorporating contextual information to enhance prediction…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Xu Chen , Yunmeng Shu , Yuangang Pan , Jinsong Lan , Xiaoyong Zhu , Shuai Xiao , Haojin Zhu , Ivor W. Tsang , Bo Zheng

Structural causal models (SCMs) are widely used in various disciplines to represent causal relationships among variables in complex systems. Unfortunately, the underlying causal structure is often unknown, and estimating it from data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Tianyu Chen , Kevin Bello , Bryon Aragam , Pradeep Ravikumar