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Vision-language-action (VLA) models provide a promising foundation for general-purpose robotics. However, their successful deployment in real-world scenarios requires the ability to continually acquire new skills while retaining previously…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Jiarun Zhu , Yijun Hong , Xiaoquan Sun , Zetian Xu , Mingqi Yuan , Zhiyong Wang , Wenjun Zeng , Jiayu Chen

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising approach for general-purpose robot manipulation. However, their generalization is inconsistent: while these models can perform impressively in some settings, fine-tuned…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Aiden Swann , Lachlain McGranahan , Hugo Buurmeijer , Monroe Kennedy , Mac Schwager

Existing RGB-based imitation learning approaches typically employ traditional vision encoders such as ResNet or ViT, which lack explicit 3D reasoning capabilities. Recent geometry-grounded vision models, such as VGGT~\cite{wang2025vggt},…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-22 An Dinh Vuong , Minh Nhat Vu , Ian Reid

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models remain brittle in long-horizon, contact-rich manipulation because success-only imitation provides little supervision for execution drift, while failed rollouts are often discarded. We introduce RePO-VLA,…

It is infeasible to encompass all possible disturbances within the training dataset. This raises a critical question regarding the robustness of Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models when encountering unseen real-world visual disturbances,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yiyang Fu , Chubin Zhang , Shukai Gong , Yufan Deng , Kaiwei Sun , Qiyang Min , Qibin Hou , Yansong Tang , Jianan Wang , Daquan Zhou

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising paradigm for end-to-end autonomous driving, yet their reliance on implicit parametric knowledge limits generalization in long-tail scenarios. While Retrieval-Augmented…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Rui Zhao , Haofeng Hu , Zhenhai Gao , Jiaqiao Liu , Gao Fei

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown remarkable performance on diverse visual and linguistic tasks, yet they remain fundamentally limited in their understanding of 3D spatial structures. We propose Geometric Distillation, a lightweight,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Seonho Lee , Jiho Choi , Inha Kang , Jiwook Kim , Junsung Park , Hyunjung Shim

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models hold great promise for general-purpose robotic intelligence, yet scaling up such models is severely bottlenecked by the high cost of acquiring annotated training data. Fortunately, vision-equipped robots…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yuhao Zhou , Yunpeng Zhu , Yang Zhou , Jindi Lyu , Jian Lan , Zhangyuan Wang , Dan Si , Thomas Seidl , Qing Ye , Jiancheng Lyu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently emerged as a promising paradigm for generalist robotic control. Built upon vision-language model (VLM) architectures, VLAs predict actions conditioned on visual observations and language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Weikang Qiu , Huashuo Lei , Tinglin Huang , Rex Ying

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models improve action generation by conditioning policies on rich vision-language information. However, current auto-regressive policies are constrained by three bottlenecks: (1) architectural bias drives models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yichi Zhang , Weihao Yuan , Yizhuo Zhang , Xidong Zhang , Jia Wan

Teaching robots dexterous skills from human videos remains challenging due to the reliance on low-level trajectory imitation, which fails to generalize across object types, spatial layouts, and manipulator configurations. We propose…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Shunlei Li , Longsen Gao , Jin Wang , Chang Che , Xi Xiao , Jiuwen Cao , Yingbai Hu , Hamid Reza Karimi

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models convert high-level language instructions into concrete, executable actions, a task that is especially challenging in open-world environments. We present Visual Foresight Planning (ForeAct), a general and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Zhuoyang Zhang , Shang Yang , Qinghao Hu , Luke J. Huang , James Hou , Yufei Sun , Yao Lu , Song Han

The task of motion forecasting is critical for self-driving vehicles (SDVs) to be able to plan a safe maneuver. Towards this goal, modern approaches reason about the map, the agents' past trajectories and their interactions in order to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Alexander Cui , Sergio Casas , Kelvin Wong , Simon Suo , Raquel Urtasun

Effective robotic manipulation relies on a precise understanding of 3D scene geometry, and one of the most straightforward ways to acquire such geometry is through multi-view observations. Motivated by this, we present GP3 -- a 3D…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Quanhao Qian , Guoyang Zhao , Gongjie Zhang , Jiuniu Wang , Ran Xu , Junlong Gao , Deli Zhao

Recent studies on Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shifted from the end-to-end action-generation paradigm toward a pipeline involving task planning followed by action generation, demonstrating improved performance on various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Chongkai Gao , Zixuan Liu , Zhenghao Chi , Junshan Huang , Xin Fei , Yiwen Hou , Yuxuan Zhang , Yudi Lin , Zhirui Fang , Zeyu Jiang , Lin Shao

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models demonstrate remarkable potential for generalizable robotic manipulation. The execution of complex multi-step behaviors in VLA models can be improved by robust instruction grounding, a critical component…

In this paper we propose a geometry-aware model for video object detection. Specifically, we consider the setting that cameras can be well approximated as static, e.g. in video surveillance scenarios, and scene pseudo depth maps can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Dan Xu , Weidi Xie , Andrew Zisserman

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models integrate visual perception, language understanding, and action decision-making for cross-modal semantic alignment, exhibiting broad application potential. However, the joint processing of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Chuhang Liu , Yayun He , Zuheng Kang , Xiaoyang Qu , Jianzong Wang

Vision-language-action (VLA) models have emerged as generalist robotic controllers capable of mapping visual observations and natural language instructions to continuous action sequences. However, VLAs provide no calibrated measure of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Lingling Chen , Zongyao Lyu , William J. Beksi

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models rely on current observations, including images, language instructions, and robot states, to predict actions and complete tasks. While accurate visual perception is crucial for precise action prediction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Cheng Yang , Jianhao Jiao , Lingyi Huang , Jinqi Xiao , Zhexiang Tang , Yu Gong , Yibiao Ying , Yang Sui , Jintian Lin , Wen Huang , Bo Yuan