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We analyse abstract data types that model numerical structures with a concept of error. Specifically, we focus on arithmetic data types that contain an error value $\bot$ whose main purpose is to always return a value for division. To rings…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Jan A Bergstra , John V Tucker

This paper investigates the distribution of rational and algebraic points of bounded weighted height in weighted projective spaces over number fields. For a weighted projective space with weights q over a number field k of degree m, we…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-26 Tanush Shaska

Distributive laws give a way of combining two algebraic structures expressed as monads; in this paper we propose a theory of distributive laws for combining algebraic structures expressed as Lawvere theories. We propose four approaches,…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-07 Eugenia Cheng

In many instances in first order logic or computable algebra, classical theorems show that many problems are undecidable for general structures, but become decidable if some rigidity is imposed on the structure. For example, the set of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-08-08 Emmanuel Jeandel

Evaluation of QA systems is very challenging and expensive, with the most reliable approach being human annotations of correctness of answers for questions. Recent works (AVA, BEM) have shown that transformer LM encoder based similarity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Matteo Gabburo , Siddhant Garg , Rik Koncel Kedziorski , Alessandro Moschitti

We introduce the notions of a mutually algebraic structures and theories and prove many equivalents. A theory $T$ is mutually algebraic if and only if it is weakly minimal and trivial if and only if no model $M$ of $T$ has an expansion…

Logic · Mathematics 2012-07-25 Michael C. Laskowski

The logic LAE discussed in this paper is based on an approximate entailment relation. LAE generalises classical propositional logic to the effect that conclusions can be drawn with a quantified imprecision. To this end, properties are…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-08-31 Thomas Vetterlein

Canonical quantization may be approached from several different starting points. The usual approaches involve promotion of c-numbers to q-numbers, or path integral constructs, each of which generally succeeds only in Cartesian coordinates.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 John R. Klauder

Coalgebras provide a uniform framework to study dynamical systems, including several types of automata. In this paper, we make use of the coalgebraic view on systems to investigate, in a uniform way, under which conditions calculi that are…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-03-20 Marcello M. Bonsangue , Stefan Milius , Alexandra Silva

We contribute to the knowledge of the quantifier completions and their applications by using the language of doctrines. This algebraic presentation allows us to properly analyse the behaviour of the existential and universal quantifiers. We…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2021-02-03 Davide Trotta , Matteo Spadetto

This thesis covers several developments performed in metric-affine gravity. This alternative framework extends General Relativity by considering a more general connection than the one induced by the metric (i.e., arbitrary torsion and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-01 Alejandro Jiménez-Cano

Although reasoning about equations over strings has been extensively studied for several decades, little research has been done for equational reasoning on general clauses over strings. This paper introduces a new superposition calculus…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Dohan Kim

Process theories provide a powerful framework for describing compositional structures across diverse fields, from quantum mechanics to computational linguistics. Traditionally, they have been formalized using symmetric monoidal categories…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-12 John H. Selby , Maria E. Stasinou , Matt Wilson , Bob Coecke

Quantum metrology is supposed to significantly improve the precision of parameter estimation by utilizing suitable quantum resources. However, the predicted precision can be severely distorted by realistic noises. Here, we propose a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-15 Yue Zhai , Xiaodong Yang , Kai Tang , Xinyue Long , Xinfang Nie , Tao Xin , Dawei Lu , Jun Li

We present a survey of ergodic theorems for actions of algebraic and arithmetic groups recently established by the authors, as well as some of their applications. Our approach is based on spectral methods employing the unitary…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2013-04-26 Alex Gorodnik , Amos Nevo

We study model-theoretical structures for prototypical physical systems. First, a summary of the model theory of sheaves, adapted to the metric case, is presented. In particular, we provide conditions for a generalization of the generic…

Logic · Mathematics 2017-05-09 Maicol A. Ochoa , Andrés Villaveces

Markov processes on the lattices with arbitrary dimension are omnipresent in statistical mechanics; however their algebraic description is complete only in dimension 1, for which linear algebra provides many tools complementary to the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-04-08 Damien Simon

Due to the existence of incompatible observables, the propositional calculus of a quantum system does not form a Boolean algebra but an orthomodular lattice. Such lattice can be realised as a lattice of subspaces on a real, complex or…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2017-09-22 Jonathan Gantner

This paper is a continuation of [arXiv:1603.02204]. Exploded layered tropical (ELT) algebra is an extension of tropical algebra with a structure of layers. These layers allow us to use classical algebraic results in order to easily prove…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2017-05-02 Guy Blachar , Erez Sheiner

Quantum metric learning enhances machine learning by mapping classical data to a quantum Hilbert space with maximal separation between classes. However, on current NISQ hardware, this mapping process itself is prone to errors and could be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-31 Ahmed Shokry , Movahhed Sadeghi , Mahmut Kandemir