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Generative AI is reshaping higher education programming through vibe coding, where students collaborate with AI via natural language rather than writing code line-by-line. We conceptualize this practice as help-seeking, analyzing 19,418…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Daiana Rinja , Eduardo Araujo Oliveira , Sonsoles López-Pernas , Mohammed Saqr , Marcus Specht , Kamila Misiejuk

Instruction-tuned Language Models (ILMs) have become essential components of modern AI systems, demonstrating exceptional versatility across natural language and reasoning tasks. Among their most impactful applications is code generation,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Zaiyu Cheng , Antonio Mastropaolo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed human-computer interaction by enabling natural language-based communication with AI-powered chatbots. These models are designed to be intuitive and user-friendly, allowing users to articulate…

Programming students have a widespread access to powerful Generative AI tools like ChatGPT. While this can help understand the learning material and assist with exercises, educators are voicing more and more concerns about an overreliance…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Christian Rahe , Walid Maalej

Generative AI is changing the way developers interact with software systems, providing services that can produce and deliver new content, crafted to satisfy the actual needs of developers. For instance, developers can ask for new code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Ionut Daniel Fagadau , Leonardo Mariani , Daniela Micucci , Oliviero Riganelli

Making errors is part of the programming process -- even for the most seasoned professionals. Novices in particular are bound to make many errors while learning. It is well known that traditional (compiler/interpreter) programming error…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Audrey Salmon , Katie Hammer , Eddie Antonio Santos , Brett A. Becker

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used by software engineers for code generation. However, limitations of LLMs such as irrelevant or incorrect code have highlighted the need for prompt programming (or prompt engineering) where…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Ranim Khojah , Francisco Gomes de Oliveira Neto , Mazen Mohamad , Philipp Leitner

Large Language Models (LLMs) are nowadays extensively used for various types of software engineering tasks, primarily code generation. Previous research has shown how suitable prompt engineering could help developers in improving their code…

AI code generators like OpenAI Codex have the potential to assist novice programmers by generating code from natural language descriptions, however, over-reliance might negatively impact learning and retention. To explore the implications…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Majeed Kazemitabaar , Justin Chow , Carl Ka To Ma , Barbara J. Ericson , David Weintrop , Tovi Grossman

Large language models (LLMs) are being increasingly adopted for programming work. Prior work shows that while LLMs accelerate task completion for professional programmers, beginning programmers struggle to prompt models effectively.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Yangtian Zi , Luisa Li , Arjun Guha , Carolyn Jane Anderson , Molly Q Feldman

The impact of Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-3, GPT-4, and Bard in computer science (CS) education is expected to be profound. Students now have the power to generate code solutions for a wide array of programming assignments. For…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Pedro Alves , Bruno Pereira Cipriano

Deep generative models have the potential to fundamentally change the way we create high-fidelity digital content but are often hard to control. Prompting a generative model is a promising recent development that in principle enables…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Hai Dang , Lukas Mecke , Florian Lehmann , Sven Goller , Daniel Buschek

Generative AI for the creation of images is becoming a staple in the toolkit of digital artists and visual designers. The interaction with these systems is mediated by \emph{prompting}, a process in which users write a short text to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Maddalena Torricelli , Mauro Martino , Andrea Baronchelli , Luca Maria Aiello

Generative models are now capable of producing natural language text that is, in some cases, comparable in quality to the text produced by people. In the computing education context, these models are being used to generate code, code…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Cynthia Zastudil , Magdalena Rogalska , Christine Kapp , Jennifer Vaughn , Stephen MacNeil

Prompting with natural language instructions has recently emerged as a popular method of harnessing the capabilities of large language models. Given the inherent ambiguity present in natural language, it is intuitive to consider the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Mayank Mishra , Prince Kumar , Riyaz Bhat , Rudra Murthy , Danish Contractor , Srikanth Tamilselvam

Inductive qualitative methods have been a mainstay of education research for decades, yet it takes much time and effort to conduct rigorously. Recent advances in artificial intelligence, particularly with generative AI (GAI), have led to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 John Chen , Alexandros Lotsos , Lexie Zhao , Grace Wang , Uri Wilensky , Bruce Sherin , Michael Horn

The rapid advancements in large language models (LLMs) have greatly expanded the potential for automated code-related tasks. Two primary methodologies are used in this domain: prompt engineering and fine-tuning. Prompt engineering involves…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Jiho Shin , Clark Tang , Tahmineh Mohati , Maleknaz Nayebi , Song Wang , Hadi Hemmati

Reasoning is a fundamental component of language understanding. Recent prompting techniques, such as chain of thought, have consistently improved LLMs' performance on various reasoning tasks. Nevertheless, there is still little…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Haritz Puerto , Martin Tutek , Somak Aditya , Xiaodan Zhu , Iryna Gurevych

The growing integration of AI tools in software development, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, has revolutionized how developers approach coding tasks. However, achieving high-quality code often requires iterative…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Sophia DiCuffa , Amanda Zambrana , Priyanshi Yadav , Sashidhar Madiraju , Khushi Suman , Eman Abdullah AlOmar

Large Language Models (LLMs) have upended decades of pedagogy in computing education. Students previously learned to code through \textit{writing} many small problems with less emphasis on code reading and comprehension. Recent research has…