English
Related papers

Related papers: Sample Size Calculations for the Development of Ri…

200 papers

While conformal predictors reap the benefits of rigorous statistical guarantees on their error frequency, the size of their corresponding prediction sets is critical to their practical utility. Unfortunately, there is currently a lack of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-12 Guneet S. Dhillon , George Deligiannidis , Tom Rainforth

Calibrating blackbox machine learning models to achieve risk control is crucial to ensure reliable decision-making. A rich line of literature has been studying how to calibrate a model so that its predictions satisfy explicit finite-sample…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-02 Victor Li , Baiting Chen , Yuzhen Mao , Qi Lei , Zhun Deng

In this paper, we propose a stochastic optimization method that adaptively controls the sample size used in the computation of gradient approximations. Unlike other variance reduction techniques that either require additional storage or the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-11-01 Raghu Bollapragada , Richard Byrd , Jorge Nocedal

Optimization problems with the objective function in the form of weighted sum and linear equality constraints are considered. Given that the number of local cost functions can be large as well as the number of constraints, a stochastic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Nataša Krejić , Nataša Krklec Jerinkić , Sanja Rapajić , Luka Rutešić

Clinical prediction models enable healthcare professionals to estimate individual outcomes using patient characteristics. Current sample size guidelines for developing or updating models with continuous outcomes aim to minimise overfitting…

Prediction sets provide a means of quantifying the uncertainty in predictive tasks. Using held out calibration data, conformal prediction and risk control can produce prediction sets that exhibit statistically valid error control in a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-05 Bror Hultberg , Dave Zachariah , Antônio H. Ribeiro

We consider the problem of repetitive scenario design where one has to solve repeatedly a scenario design problem and can adjust the sample size (number of scenarios) to obtain a desired level of risk (constraint violation probability). We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-08 Guillaume O. Berger , Raphaël M. Jungers

Pilot studies are highly recommended in experiments with animals when little is known about the anticipated values of the mean of the variable under study, its variance or the probability of response. They are also recommended to test the…

Applications · Statistics 2018-03-20 C. O. S. Sorzano , D. Tabas-Madrid , F. Núñez , C. Fernández-Criado , A. Naranjo

It is well known that estimating the expectation of any given bounded random variable with values in $[-B, B]$ has a sample complexity of $\mathrm{O}(B^2/\epsilon^2)$ that is independent of the underlying probability measure. We show that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-29 Yan Li

We consider the problem of calibrating an imperfect computer model using experimental data. To compensate the misspecification of the computer model and make more accurate predictions, a discrepancy function is often included and modeled…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-05-04 Mengyang Gu , Long Wang

Several classical adaptive optimization algorithms, such as line search and trust region methods, have been recently extended to stochastic settings where function values, gradients, and Hessians in some cases, are estimated via stochastic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-02 Billy Jin , Katya Scheinberg , Miaolan Xie

Simulation offers a simple and flexible way to estimate the power of a clinical trial when analytic formulae are not available. The computational burden of using simulation has, however, restricted its application to only the simplest of…

Conformal prediction (CP) is a wrapper around traditional machine learning models, giving coverage guarantees under the sole assumption of exchangeability; in classification problems, for a chosen significance level $\varepsilon$, CP…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Javier Abad , Umang Bhatt , Adrian Weller , Giovanni Cherubin

Risk prediction models are often advertised as deterministic functions that map covariates to predicted risks. However, they are typically trained using finite samples, and as such, their predictions are inherently uncertain. This…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-03 Abdollah Safari , Paul Gustafson , Mohsen Sadatsafavi

Planning empirical experiments such as clinical trials or A/B tests requires sample size determination, which in many interesting cases has no closed-form solution (e.g. factorial or adaptive designs). adsasi is a new R package that enables…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-16 Skerdi Haviari

Knowing exactly how many data points need to be labeled to achieve a certain model performance is a hugely beneficial step towards reducing the overall budgets for annotation. It pertains to both active learning and traditional data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Ernie Chang , Muhammad Hassan Rashid , Pin-Jie Lin , Changsheng Zhao , Vera Demberg , Yangyang Shi , Vikas Chandra

Probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling schemes with a target sample size aim to produce a sample comprising a specified number $n$ of items while ensuring that each item in the population appears in the sample with a probability…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-14 Brian Hentschel , Peter J. Haas , Yuanyuan Tian

Running machine learning algorithms on large and rapidly growing volumes of data is often computationally expensive, one common trick to reduce the size of a data set, and thus reduce the computational cost of machine learning algorithms,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Shaojie Tang , Jing Yuan

The size of a software artifact influences the software quality and impacts the development process. In industry, when software size exceeds certain thresholds, memory errors accumulate and development tools might not be able to cope…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-08-10 Jan Schroeder , Christian Berger , Alessia Knauss , Harri Preenja , Mohammad Ali , Miroslaw Staron , Thomas Herpel

Background: Determining an adequate sample size is essential for developing reliable and generalisable clinical prediction models, yet practical guidance on selecting appropriate methods remains limited. Existing analytical and…