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We present the unexpected discovery of four ultra diffuse galaxies (UDGs) in a group environment. We recently identified seven extremely low surface brightness galaxies in the vicinity of the spiral galaxy M101, using data from the…

Ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) exhibit low surface brightness, but their optical extent is comparable to Milky Way-type galaxies. Due to their peculiar properties, it remains ambiguous whether UDGs are the descendants of massive galaxies or…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-08-12 Orsolya E. Kovacs , Akos Bogdan , Rebecca E. A. Canning

The formation and evolution of the ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) continues to remain a puzzle. Similarities and differences in the morphological and the kinematical properties of the UDGs with their possible precursors, namely low-surface…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-11 Nilanjana Nandi , Arunima Banerjee

We study the population of ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) in a set of eight nearby ($z <$ 0.035) galaxy clusters, from the Kapteyn IAC WEAVE INT Clusters Survey ($\texttt{KIWICS}$). We report the discovery of 442 UDG candidates in our eight…

Recent observations have highlighted a significant population of faint but large (r_eff>1.5 kpc) galaxies in the Coma cluster. The origin of these Ultra Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs) remains puzzling, as the interpretation of the observational…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-05-04 Remco F. J. van der Burg , Adam Muzzin , Henk Hoekstra

It remains challenging to systematically survey nearby diffuse dwarf galaxies and address the formation mechanism of this population distinguishing from regular ones. We carry out a pilot search for these galaxies in the COSMOS field using…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-02-13 Dongdong Shi , XianZhong Zheng , Zhizheng Pan , Yu Luo , Hongxia Deng , Qunzhi Hua , Xinyu Luo , Qiming Wu

Observational studies of ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) represent a significant challenge because of their very low surface brightnesses. A feasible approach is to identify "future" UDGs when their stars are still young. Using data mining,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-10-01 Kirill A. Grishin , Igor V. Chilingarian , Anton V. Afanasiev , Ivan Yu. Katkov

It is clear that within the class of ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) there is an extreme range in the richness of their associated globular cluster (GC) systems. Here, we report the structural properties of five UDGs in the Perseus cluster…

Ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) are spatially extended, low surface brightness stellar systems with regular elliptical-like morphology found in large numbers in galaxy clusters and groups. Studies of the internal dynamics and dark matter…

Stellar microlensing is a powerful method to constrain compact dark matter models, uncover binary stars, and exoplanets during caustic crossing events. At cosmological distances, {\it James-Webb Space Telescope} ({\it JWST}) is routinely…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-14 Sung Kei Li , Thomas Broadhurst , Jose M. Diego , Jeremy Lim , Jose M. Palencia , James Nianias

Untargeted neutral hydrogen (HI) surveys are well suited to identifying low surface brightness galaxies (LSBGs) that are gas rich, and they offer a complementary view to optically selected populations. We examined the LSBG population as…

We propose a novel set of Poisson Cluster Process (PCP) models to detect Ultra-Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs), a class of extremely faint, enigmatic galaxies of substantial interest in modern astrophysics. We model the unobserved UDG locations as…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-06-06 Dayi Li , Alex Stringer , Patrick E. Brown , Gwendolyn M. Eadie , Roberto G. Abraham

Large low surface brightness galaxies have recently been found to be abundant in nearby galaxy clusters. In this paper, we investigate these ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) in the six Hubble Frontier Fields galaxy clusters: Abell 2744,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-12-17 Steven R. Janssens , Roberto Abraham , Jean Brodie , Duncan A. Forbes , Aaron J. Romanowsky

Ultra-Diffuse Galaxies are both extreme products of galaxy evolution and extreme environments in which to test our understanding of star formation. In this work, we contrast the spatially resolved star formation activity of a sample of 22…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-12-14 Erin Kado-Fong , Jenny E. Greene , Song Huang , Andy Goulding

Low surface brightness galaxies (LSBGs) which are defined as galaxies that are fainter than the night sky, play a crucial role in understanding galaxy evolution and cosmological models. Upcoming large-scale surveys like Rubin Observatory…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-01-29 H. Thuruthipilly , Junais , A. Pollo , U. Sureshkumar , M. Grespan , P. Sawant , K. Malek , A. Zadrozny

Recent observations have revealed the existence of an abundant population of faint, low surface brightness (SB) galaxies, which appear to be numerous and ubiquitous in nearby galaxy clusters, including the Virgo, Coma and Fornax clusters.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-04-27 N. C. Amorisco , A. Loeb

We investigate colour selection techniques for high redshift galaxies in the UKIDSS Ultra Deep Survey Early Data Release (UDS EDR). Combined with very deep Subaru optical photometry, the depth (K_AB = 22.5) and area (0.62 deg^2) of the UDS…

Low-surface-brightness galaxies (LSBGs), fainter members of the galaxy population, are thought to be numerous. However, due to their low surface brightness, the search for a wide-area sample of LSBGs is difficult, which in turn limits our…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-12-27 Yongguang Xing , Zhenping Yi , Zengxu Liang , Hao Su , Wei Du , Min He , Meng Liu , Xiaoming Kong , Yude Bu , Hong Wu

The aim of our research is to create a catalog of strong and good candidates for PRGs using existing catalogs of PRGs, develop an image-based approach with machine learning methods for the search and discovery of PRGs in a big sky survey,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-29 D. V. Dobrycheva , O. O. Hetmantsev , I. B. Vavilova , A. Shportko , O. Gugnin , O. V. Kompaniiets