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In recent years, the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) systems has raised concerns about our ability to ensure their fairness, that is, how to avoid discrimination based on protected characteristics such as gender, race, or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Iris Dominguez-Catena , Daniel Paternain , Mikel Galar , MaryBeth Defrance , Maarten Buyl , Tijl De Bie

Automated decision making based on big data and machine learning (ML) algorithms can result in discriminatory decisions against certain protected groups defined upon personal data like gender, race, sexual orientation etc. Such algorithms…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-06 Vasileios Iosifidis , Besnik Fetahu , Eirini Ntoutsi

The development of face recognition algorithms by academic and commercial organizations is growing rapidly due to the onset of deep learning and the widespread availability of training data. Though tests of face recognition algorithm…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-11 John J. Howard , Eli J. Laird , Yevgeniy B. Sirotin , Rebecca E. Rubin , Jerry L. Tipton , Arun R. Vemury

The concern about hidden discrimination in machine learning models is growing, as their widespread real-world applications increasingly impact human lives. Various techniques, including commonly used group fairness measures and several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Yijun Bian

Machine Learning systems are increasingly prevalent across healthcare, law enforcement, and finance but often operate on historical data, which may carry biases against certain demographic groups. Causal and counterfactual fairness provides…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Jake Robertson , Noah Hollmann , Noor Awad , Frank Hutter

Mining cohesive subgraphs in attributed graphs is an essential problem in the domain of graph data analysis. The integration of fairness considerations significantly fuels interest in models and algorithms for mining fairness-aware cohesive…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Qi Zhang , Rong-Hua Li , Zifan Zheng , Hongchao Qin , Ye Yuan , Guoren Wang

Multiobjective evolutionary learning (MOEL) has demonstrated its advantages of training fairer machine learning models considering a predefined set of conflicting objectives, including accuracy and different fairness measures. Recent works…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Qingquan Zhang , Jialin Liu , Xin Yao

Fairness-aware learning aims to mitigate discrimination against specific protected social groups (e.g., those categorized by gender, ethnicity, age) while minimizing predictive performance loss. Despite efforts to improve fairness in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Kewen Peng , Yicheng Yang , Hao Zhuo

While machine learning models have achieved unprecedented success in real-world applications, they might make biased/unfair decisions for specific demographic groups and hence result in discriminative outcomes. Although research efforts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Yuying Zhao , Yu Wang , Tyler Derr

Fairness-accuracy trade-offs are a central concern in the deployment of fairness-aware machine learning methods. When sensitive attributes are unavailable at inference time-the so called unawareness setting, principled methods for obtaining…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-28 M. Generali Lince , V. Divol , R. Flamary , S. Gaucher , P. Loiseau

The deep integration of foundation models (FM) with federated learning (FL) enhances personalization and scalability for diverse downstream tasks, making it crucial in sensitive domains like healthcare. Achieving group fairness has become…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yuning Yang , Han Yu , Tianrun Gao , Xiaodong Xu , Guangyu Wang

Fair clustering is crucial for mitigating bias in unsupervised learning, yet existing algorithms often suffer from quadratic or super-quadratic computational complexity, rendering them impractical for large-scale datasets. To bridge this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Shengfei Wei , Suyuan Liu , Jun Wang , Ke Liang , Miaomiao Li , Lei Luo

Emotion recognition has the potential to play a pivotal role in enhancing human-computer interaction by enabling systems to accurately interpret and respond to human affect. Yet, capturing emotions in face-to-face contexts remains…

Classification, recommendation, and ranking problems often involve competing goals with additional constraints (e.g., to satisfy fairness or diversity criteria). Such optimization problems are quite challenging, often involving non-convex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Gurpreet Singh , Soumyajit Gupta , Matthew Lease , Clint Dawson

Fairness for machine learning predictions is widely required in practice for legal, ethical, and societal reasons. Existing work typically focuses on settings without unobserved confounding, even though unobserved confounding can lead to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Maresa Schröder , Dennis Frauen , Stefan Feuerriegel

Improving the fairness of machine learning models is a nuanced task that requires decision makers to reason about multiple, conflicting criteria. The majority of fair machine learning methods transform the error-fairness trade-off into a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-04-25 William G. La Cava

When using machine learning to aid decision-making, it is critical to ensure that an algorithmic decision is fair and does not discriminate against specific individuals/groups, particularly those from underprivileged populations. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Yifei Wang , Zhengyang Zhou , Liqin Wang , John Laurentiev , Peter Hou , Li Zhou , Pengyu Hong

Discrimination mitigation within machine learning (ML) models could be complicated because multiple factors may be interwoven hierarchically and historically. Yet few existing fairness measures can capture the discrimination level within ML…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yijun Bian , Yujie Luo , Ping Xu

In the evolving field of machine learning, ensuring group fairness has become a critical concern, prompting the development of algorithms designed to mitigate bias in decision-making processes. Group fairness refers to the principle that a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Teresa Salazar , João Gama , Helder Araújo , Pedro Henriques Abreu

A growing body of literature in fairness-aware machine learning (fairML) aims to mitigate machine learning (ML)-related unfairness in automated decision-making (ADM) by defining metrics that measure fairness of an ML model and by proposing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Ludwig Bothmann , Kristina Peters , Bernd Bischl