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While self-supervised learning (SSL)-based models have boosted audio deepfake detection accuracy, fully finetuning them is computationally expensive. To address this, we propose a parameter-efficient framework that combines Low-Rank…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Zihan Pan , Sailor Hardik Bhupendra , Jinyang Wu

In order to streamline the fine-tuning of foundation models, Low-Rank Adapters (LoRAs) have been substantially adopted across various fields, including instruction tuning and domain adaptation. The underlying concept of LoRA involves…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Mengyang Sun , Yihao Wang , Tao Feng , Dan Zhang , Yifan Zhu , Jie Tang

Self-supervised speech models are a rapidly developing research topic in fake audio detection. Many pre-trained models can serve as feature extractors, learning richer and higher-level speech features. However,when fine-tuning pre-trained…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Chenglong Wang , Jiangyan Yi , Xiaohui Zhang , Jianhua Tao , Le Xu , Ruibo Fu

We aim to improve the robustness of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems against non-native speech, particularly in low-resourced multi-accent settings. We introduce Mixture of Accent-Specific LoRAs (MAS-LoRA), a fine-tuning method…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Raphaël Bagat , Irina Illina , Emmanuel Vincent

Reliable detection of speech deepfakes (spoofs) must remain effective when the distribution of spoofing attacks shifts. We frame the task as domain generalization and show that inserting Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) adapters into every…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-18 Janne Laakkonen , Ivan Kukanov , Ville Hautamäki

While Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) enables parameter-efficient fine-tuning for Large Language Models (LLMs), its performance often falls short of Full Fine-Tuning (Full FT). Current methods optimize LoRA by initializing with static singular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Chenghao Fan , Zhenyi Lu , Sichen Liu , Chengfeng Gu , Xiaoye Qu , Wei Wei , Yu Cheng

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) and its mixture-of-experts (MOE) variants are highly effective parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods. However, they introduce significant latency in multi-tenant settings due to the LoRA modules and MOE…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Jingfan Zhang , Yi Zhao , Dan Chen , Xing Tian , Huanran Zheng , Wei Zhu

Recent studies integrate Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) and Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) to further enhance the performance of parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods in Large Language Model (LLM) applications. Existing methods employ…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Jie Cao , Tianwei Lin , Bo Yuan , Rolan Yan , Hongyang He , Wenqiao Zhang , Juncheng Li , Dongping Zhang , Siliang Tang , Yueting Zhuang

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) is a common practice to adapt pre-trained models for specific applications. While methods like LoRA have effectively addressed GPU memory constraints during fine-tuning, their performance often falls…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Dengchun Li , Yingzi Ma , Naizheng Wang , Zhengmao Ye , Zhiyuan Cheng , Yinghao Tang , Yan Zhang , Lei Duan , Jie Zuo , Cal Yang , Mingjie Tang

In audio spoofing detection, most studies rely on clean datasets, making models susceptible to real-world post-processing attacks, such as channel compression and noise. To overcome this challenge, we propose the Adaptive MixtUre Low-rank…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-13 Qixian Chen , Yuxiong Xu , Sara Mandelli , Sheng Li , Bin Li

Standard LoRA fine-tuning of Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models applies adapters to every expert, yet our profiling shows that per-layer expert routing is highly skewed: a small subset of experts handles most tokens in each layer, while many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Andrea Manzoni

Recent attempts to combine low-rank adaptation (LoRA) with mixture-of-experts (MoE) for multi-task adaptation of Large Language Models (LLMs) often replace whole attention/FFN layers with switch experts or append parallel expert branches,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Wenbing Li , Zikai Song , Hang Zhou , Yunyao Zhang , Junqing Yu , Wei Yang

Low-rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as a powerful method for fine-tuning large-scale foundation models. Despite its popularity, the theoretical understanding of LoRA has remained limited. This paper presents a theoretical analysis of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Tuan Truong , Chau Nguyen , Huy Nguyen , Minh Le , Trung Le , Nhat Ho

The Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture enables the scaling of Large Language Models (LLMs) to trillions of parameters by activating a sparse subset of weights for each input, maintaining constant computational cost during inference.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Shihao Ji , Zihui Song

The proliferation of audio deepfakes poses a growing threat to trust in digital communications. While detection methods have advanced, attributing audio deepfakes to their source models remains an underexplored yet crucial challenge. In…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Andrea Di Pierno , Luca Guarnera , Dario Allegra , Sebastiano Battiato

Speech deepfakes pose a significant threat to personal security and content authenticity. Several detectors have been proposed in the literature, and one of the primary challenges these systems have to face is the generalization over unseen…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Viola Negroni , Davide Salvi , Alessandro Ilic Mezza , Paolo Bestagini , Stefano Tubaro

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) has become a prominent paradigm for scaling Large Language Models (LLMs). Parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods, such as LoRA, are widely adopted to adapt pretrained MoE LLMs to downstream tasks. However, existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Guanzhi Deng , Bo Li , Ronghao Chen , Xiujin Liu , Zhuo Han , Huacan Wang , Lijie Wen , Linqi Song

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) drives research to align its performance with full fine-tuning. However, significant challenges remain: (1) Simply increasing the rank size of LoRA does not effectively capture high-rank information, which leads…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Chuanyu Tang , Yilong Chen , Zhenyu Zhang , Junyuan Shang , Wenyuan Zhang , Yong Huang , Tingwen Liu

End-to-end models with large capacity have significantly improved multilingual automatic speech recognition, but their computation cost poses challenges for on-device applications. We propose a streaming truly multilingual Conformer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Ke Hu , Bo Li , Tara N. Sainath , Yu Zhang , Francoise Beaufays

Instruction finetuning on a variety of image-text instruction data is the key to obtaining a versatile Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM), and different configurations of the instruction data can lead to finetuned models with different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Shaoxiang Chen , Zequn Jie , Lin Ma
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