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Related papers: Towards a Physics Foundation Model

200 papers

The rise of foundation models -- large, pretrained machine learning models that can be finetuned to a variety of tasks -- has revolutionized the fields of natural language processing and computer vision. In high-energy physics, the question…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-12 Anna Hallin

Foundation models, as a mainstream technology in artificial intelligence, have demonstrated immense potential across various domains in recent years, particularly in handling complex tasks and multimodal data. In the field of geophysics,…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-04-28 Hanlin Sheng , Xinming Wu , Hang Gao , Haibin Di , Sergey Fomel , Jintao Li , Xu Si

Preference-based reinforcement learning (PbRL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for teaching robots complex behaviors without reward engineering. However, its effectiveness is often limited by two critical challenges: the reliance on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Ruiqi Wang , Dezhong Zhao , Ziqin Yuan , Tianyu Shao , Guohua Chen , Dominic Kao , Sungeun Hong , Byung-Cheol Min

We investigate the capability of a transformer pretrained on natural language to generalize to other modalities with minimal finetuning -- in particular, without finetuning of the self-attention and feedforward layers of the residual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Kevin Lu , Aditya Grover , Pieter Abbeel , Igor Mordatch

While computer science has seen remarkable advancements in foundation models, which remain underexplored in geoscience. Addressing this gap, we introduce a workflow to develop geophysical foundation models, including data preparation, model…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-12-18 Hanlin Sheng , Xinming Wu , Xu Si , Jintao Li , Sibo Zhang , Xudong Duan

Deep tabular modelling increasingly relies on in-context learning where, during inference, a model receives a set of $(x,y)$ pairs as context and predicts labels for new inputs without weight updates. We challenge the prevailing view that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Junwei Ma , Nour Shaheen , Alex Labach , Amine Mhedhbi , Frank Hutter , Anthony L. Caterini , Valentin Thomas

Ubiquitous mobile devices are generating vast amounts of location-based service data that reveal how individuals navigate and utilize urban spaces in detail. In this study, we utilize these extensive, unlabeled sequences of user…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Xinhua Wu , Haoyu He , Yanchao Wang , Qi Wang

Over the recent years, the field of robotics has been undergoing a transformative paradigm shift from fixed, single-task, domain-specific solutions towards adaptive, multi-function, general-purpose agents, capable of operating in complex,…

Recently, large models, or foundation models, have exhibited remarkable performance, profoundly impacting research paradigms in diverse domains. Foundation models, trained on extensive and diverse datasets, provide exceptional…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-12-30 Qi Liu , Jianwei Ma

Recent progress on vision-language foundation models have brought significant advancement to building general-purpose robots. By using the pre-trained models to encode the scene and instructions as inputs for decision making, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Yuying Ge , Annabella Macaluso , Li Erran Li , Ping Luo , Xiaolong Wang

The power of foundation models (FMs) lies in their capacity to learn highly expressive representations that can be adapted to a broad spectrum of tasks. However, these pretrained models require additional training stages to become effective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Jacob L. Block , Sundararajan Srinivasan , Liam Collins , Aryan Mokhtari , Sanjay Shakkottai

Seismic data often face challenges in their utilization due to noise contamination, incomplete acquisition, and limited low-frequency information, which hinder accurate subsurface imaging and interpretation. Traditional processing methods…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-02-04 Shijun Cheng , Randy Harsuko , Tariq Alkhalifah

Partial differential equations (PDEs) govern a wide range of physical systems, but solving them efficiently remains a major challenge. The idea of a scientific foundation model (SciFM) is emerging as a promising tool for learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Amin Totounferoush , Serge Kotchourko , Michael W. Mahoney , Steffen Staab

Modern Foundation Models (FMs) are typically trained on corpora spanning a wide range of different data modalities, topics and downstream tasks. Utilizing these models can be very computationally expensive and is out of reach for most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Andrey Zhmoginov , Jihwan Lee , Mark Sandler

Graph-structured data underpins many critical applications. While foundation models have transformed language and vision via large-scale pretraining and lightweight adaptation, extending this paradigm to general, real-world graphs is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Maya Bechler-Speicher , Yoel Gottlieb , Andrey Isakov , David Abensur , Ami Tavory , Daniel Haimovich , Ido Guy , Udi Weinsberg

Following its success for vision and text, the "foundation model" (FM) paradigm -- pretraining large models on massive data, then fine-tuning on target tasks -- has rapidly expanded to domains in the sciences, engineering, healthcare, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Zongzhe Xu , Ritvik Gupta , Wenduo Cheng , Alexander Shen , Junhong Shen , Ameet Talwalkar , Mikhail Khodak

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are often trained on individual datasets, requiring specialized models and significant hyperparameter tuning due to the unique structures and features of each dataset. This approach limits the scalability and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Divyansha Lachi , Mehdi Azabou , Vinam Arora , Eva Dyer

Robot learning requires a considerable amount of high-quality data to realize the promise of generalization. However, large data sets are costly to collect in the real world. Physics simulators can cheaply generate vast data sets with broad…

Foundation models have revolutionized the paradigm of digital pathology, as they leverage general-purpose features to emulate real-world pathological practices, enabling the quantitative analysis of critical histological patterns and the…

The foundation model (FM) paradigm is transforming Machine Learning Force Fields (MLFFs), leveraging general-purpose representations and scalable training to perform a variety of computational chemistry tasks. Although MLFF FMs have begun…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-02-03 Ishan Amin , Sanjeev Raja , Aditi Krishnapriyan