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Related papers: From Next Token Prediction to (STRIPS) World Model…

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Inspired by the recent success of transformers in natural language processing and computer vision applications, we introduce a transformer-based neural architecture for two key StarCraft II (SC2) macromanagement tasks: global state and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Muhammad Junaid Khan , Shah Hassan , Gita Sukthankar

Token-based transformer world models have shown strong performance in visual reinforcement learning, but often suffer from temporal inconsistency in long-horizon rollouts, including object duplication, disappearance, and transmutation. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Youngin Kim , Ray Sun , Inho Kim , Bumsoo Park , Hyun Oh Song

Transformers are deep architectures that define "in-context mappings" which enable predicting new tokens based on a given set of tokens (such as a prompt in NLP applications or a set of patches for a vision transformer). In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Takashi Furuya , Maarten V. de Hoop , Gabriel Peyré

Although transformer-based models have shown exceptional empirical performance, the fundamental principles governing their training dynamics are inadequately characterized beyond configuration-specific studies. Inspired by empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Zheng-An Chen , Tao Luo

Attention-based transformers have been remarkably successful at modeling generative processes across various domains and modalities. In this paper, we study the behavior of transformers on data drawn from \kth Markov processes, where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Nived Rajaraman , Marco Bondaschi , Kannan Ramchandran , Michael Gastpar , Ashok Vardhan Makkuva

Can Transformers predict new syllogisms by composing established ones? More generally, what type of targets can be learned by such models from scratch? Recent works show that Transformers can be Turing-complete in terms of expressivity, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Emmanuel Abbe , Samy Bengio , Aryo Lotfi , Colin Sandon , Omid Saremi

We generalise Spatial Transformer Networks (STN) by replacing the parametric transformation of a fixed, regular sampling grid with a deformable, statistical shape model which is itself learnt. We call this a Statistical Transformer Network…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-20 Anil Bas , William A. P. Smith

Pre-trained language models have recently emerged as a powerful tool for fine-tuning a variety of language tasks. Ideally, when models are pre-trained on large amount of data, they are expected to gain implicit knowledge. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Mohamad Ballout , Ulf Krumnack , Gunther Heidemann , Kai-Uwe Kühnberger

Predictive process monitoring is a process mining task aimed at forecasting information about a running process trace, such as the most correct next activity to be executed. In medical domains, predictive process monitoring can provide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Christopher Irwin , Marco Dossena , Giorgio Leonardi , Stefania Montani

While robots can learn models to solve many manipulation tasks from raw visual input, they cannot usually use these models to solve new problems. On the other hand, symbolic planning methods such as STRIPS have long been able to solve new…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Kei Kase , Chris Paxton , Hammad Mazhar , Tetsuya Ogata , Dieter Fox

Transformers predict over a representation of a sequence. The same data can be written as bytes, characters, or subword tokens, and these representations may be lossless. Yet, under a fixed context window, they need not expose the same…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Amirmehdi Jafari Fesharaki , Mohammadamin Rami , Aslan Tchamkerten

Language exhibits inherent structures, a property that explains both language acquisition and language change. Given this characteristic, we expect language models to manifest their own internal structures as well. While interpretability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Haruki Sakajo , Frederikus Hudi , Yusuke Sakai , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Taro Watanabe

Transformers can implement both generalizable algorithms (e.g., induction heads) and simple positional shortcuts (e.g., memorizing fixed output positions). In this work, we study how the choice of pretraining data distribution steers a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Ryotaro Kawata , Yujin Song , Alberto Bietti , Naoki Nishikawa , Taiji Suzuki , Samuel Vaiter , Denny Wu

Inspired by the success of Transformer-based models in natural language processing, this paper investigates their potential as foundation models for network traffic analysis. We propose a unified pre-training and fine-tuning pipeline for…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Samara Mayhoub , Chuan Heng Foh , Mahdi Boloursaz Mashhadi , Mohammad Shojafar , Rahim Tafazolli

Transformer architectures have facilitated the development of large-scale and general-purpose sequence models for prediction tasks in natural language processing and computer vision, e.g., GPT-3 and Swin Transformer. Although originally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Muning Wen , Runji Lin , Hanjing Wang , Yaodong Yang , Ying Wen , Luo Mai , Jun Wang , Haifeng Zhang , Weinan Zhang

While Transformers have enabled tremendous progress in various application settings, such architectures still trail behind traditional symbolic planners for solving complex decision making tasks. In this work, we demonstrate how to train…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Lucas Lehnert , Sainbayar Sukhbaatar , DiJia Su , Qinqing Zheng , Paul Mcvay , Michael Rabbat , Yuandong Tian

Transformers have achieved state-of-the-art performance in language modeling tasks. However, the reasons behind their tremendous success are still unclear. In this paper, towards a better understanding, we train a Transformer model on a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-06 Michael E. Sander , Raja Giryes , Taiji Suzuki , Mathieu Blondel , Gabriel Peyré

The problem of specifying high-level knowledge bases for planning becomes a hard task in realistic environments. This knowledge is usually handcrafted and is hard to keep updated, even for system experts. Recent approaches have shown the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Alejandro Suárez-Hernández , Javier Segovia-Aguas , Carme Torras , Guillem Alenyà

Transformer has achieved great success in NLP. However, the quadratic complexity of the self-attention mechanism in Transformer makes it inefficient in handling long sequences. Many existing works explore to accelerate Transformers by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Chuhan Wu , Fangzhao Wu , Tao Qi , Binxing Jiao , Daxin Jiang , Yongfeng Huang , Xing Xie

Motion prediction and planning are vital tasks in autonomous driving, and recent efforts have shifted to machine learning-based approaches. The challenges include understanding diverse road topologies, reasoning traffic dynamics over a long…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Qiao Sun , Shiduo Zhang , Danjiao Ma , Jingzhe Shi , Derun Li , Simian Luo , Yu Wang , Ningyi Xu , Guangzhi Cao , Hang Zhao