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Computational agents support humans in many areas of life and are therefore found in heterogeneous contexts. This means they operate in rapidly changing environments and can be confronted with huge state and action spaces. In order to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Nicole Merkle , Ralf Mikut

We propose the use of latent space generative world models to address the covariate shift problem in autonomous driving. A world model is a neural network capable of predicting an agent's next state given past states and actions. By…

A generative recurrent neural network is quickly trained in an unsupervised manner to model popular reinforcement learning environments through compressed spatio-temporal representations. The world model's extracted features are fed into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-07 David Ha , Jürgen Schmidhuber

Action-conditioned video prediction models (often referred to as world models) have shown strong potential for robotics applications, but existing approaches are often slow and struggle to capture physically consistent interactions over…

Training general agents to follow complex instructions (tasks) in intricate environments (levels) remains a core challenge in reinforcement learning. Random sampling of task-level pairs often produces unsolvable combinations, highlighting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Daniel Furelos-Blanco , Charles Pert , Frederik Kelbel , Alex F. Spies , Alessandra Russo , Michael Dennis

Various world model frameworks are being developed today based on autoregressive frameworks that rely on discrete representations of actions and observations, and these frameworks are succeeding in constructing interactive generative models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Kohei Hayashi , Masanori Koyama , Julian Jorge Andrade Guerreiro

Agentic reinforcement learning increasingly relies on experience-driven scaling, yet real-world environments remain non-adaptive, limited in coverage, and difficult to scale. World models offer a potential way to improve learning efficiency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Yixia Li , Hongru Wang , Jiahao Qiu , Zhenfei Yin , Dongdong Zhang , Cheng Qian , Zeping Li , Pony Ma , Guanhua Chen , Heng Ji

The capability of imagining internally with a mental model of the world is vitally important for human cognition. If a machine intelligent agent can learn a world model to create a "dream" environment, it can then internally ask what-if…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Minne Li , Mengyue Yang , Furui Liu , Xu Chen , Zhitang Chen , Jun Wang

Evolution has produced a multi-scale mosaic of interacting adaptive units. Innovations arise when perturbations push parts of the system away from stable equilibria into new regimes where previously well-adapted solutions no longer work.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Joel Z. Leibo , Edward Hughes , Marc Lanctot , Thore Graepel

The aim of this work is to develop an approach that enables Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) to efficiently learn to navigate in large-scale urban environments and transfer their acquired expertise to novel environments. To achieve this, we…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Yuci Han , Charles Toth , Alper Yilmaz

State of the art reinforcement learning has enabled training agents on tasks of ever increasing complexity. However, the current paradigm tends to favor training agents from scratch on every new task or on collections of tasks with a view…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Jacob Walker , Eszter Vértes , Yazhe Li , Gabriel Dulac-Arnold , Ankesh Anand , Théophane Weber , Jessica B. Hamrick

Imitation learning (IL) enables agents to acquire skills directly from expert demonstrations, providing a compelling alternative to reinforcement learning. However, prior online IL approaches struggle with complex tasks characterized by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Shangzhe Li , Zhiao Huang , Hao Su

The decision and planning system for autonomous driving in urban environments is hard to design. Most current methods manually design the driving policy, which can be expensive to develop and maintain at scale. Instead, with imitation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Jianyu Chen , Bodi Yuan , Masayoshi Tomizuka

In safety-critical applications, autonomous agents may need to learn in an environment where mistakes can be very costly. In such settings, the agent needs to behave safely not only after but also while learning. To achieve this, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Matteo Turchetta , Andrey Kolobov , Shital Shah , Andreas Krause , Alekh Agarwal

Emergent communication has made strides towards learning communication from scratch, but has focused primarily on protocols that resemble human language. In nature, multi-agent cooperation gives rise to a wide range of communication that…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Niko A. Grupen , Daniel D. Lee , Bart Selman

The standard theory of model-free reinforcement learning assumes that the environment dynamics are stationary and that agents are decoupled from their environment, such that policies are treated as being separate from the world they…

The development of artificial intelligence systems is transitioning from creating static, task-specific models to dynamic, agent-based systems capable of performing well in a wide range of applications. We propose an Interactive Agent…

Autonomous driving faces challenges in navigating complex real-world traffic, requiring safe handling of both common and critical scenarios. Reinforcement learning (RL), a prominent method in end-to-end driving, enables agents to learn…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Ahmed Abouelazm , Johannes Ratz , Philip Schörner , J. Marius Zöllner

We introduce Mix&Match (M&M) - a training framework designed to facilitate rapid and effective learning in RL agents, especially those that would be too slow or too challenging to train otherwise. The key innovation is a procedure that…

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) algorithms are widely adopted in tackling complex tasks that require collaboration and competition among agents in dynamic Multi-Agent Systems (MAS). However, learning such tasks from scratch is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Ayesha Siddika Nipu , Siming Liu , Anthony Harris