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Prevalent retrieval-based tool-use pipelines struggle with a dual semantic challenge: their retrievers often employ encoders that fail to capture complex semantics, while the Large Language Model (LLM) itself lacks intrinsic tool knowledge…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Bowen Fang , Wen Ye , Yunyue Su , Jinghao Zhang , Qiang Liu , Yesheng Liu , Xin Sun , Shu Wu , Jiabing Yang , Baole Wei , Liang Wang

Addressing intricate real-world problems necessitates in-depth information seeking and multi-step reasoning. Recent progress in agentic systems, exemplified by Deep Research, underscores the potential for autonomous multi-step research. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Jialong Wu , Baixuan Li , Runnan Fang , Wenbiao Yin , Liwen Zhang , Zhengwei Tao , Dingchu Zhang , Zekun Xi , Gang Fu , Yong Jiang , Pengjun Xie , Fei Huang , Jingren Zhou

Visualizations play a crucial part in effective communication of concepts and information. Recent advances in reasoning and retrieval augmented generation have enabled Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform deep research and generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Zhaorui Yang , Bo Pan , Han Wang , Yiyao Wang , Xingyu Liu , Luoxuan Weng , Yingchaojie Feng , Haozhe Feng , Minfeng Zhu , Bo Zhang , Wei Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have rapidly evolved from text generators into powerful problem solvers. Yet, many open tasks demand critical thinking, multi-source, and verifiable outputs, which are beyond single-shot prompting or standard…

Generating deep research reports requires large-scale information acquisition and the synthesis of insight-driven analysis, posing a significant challenge for current language models. Most existing approaches follow a plan-then-write…

Automating scientific discovery requires more than generating papers from ideas. Real research is iterative: hypotheses are challenged from multiple perspectives, experiments fail and inform the next attempt, and lessons accumulate across…

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has driven the development of agentic systems capable of autonomously performing complex tasks. Despite their impressive capabilities, LLMs remain constrained by their internal knowledge…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Wenlin Zhang , Xiaopeng Li , Yingyi Zhang , Pengyue Jia , Yichao Wang , Huifeng Guo , Yong Liu , Xiangyu Zhao

As agent-based systems continue to evolve, deep research agents are capable of automatically generating research-style reports across diverse domains. While these agents promise to streamline information synthesis and knowledge exploration,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yi Yuan , Xuhong Wang , Shanzhe Lei

Deep research -- producing comprehensive, citation-grounded reports by searching and synthesizing information from hundreds of live web sources -- marks an important frontier for agentic systems. To rigorously evaluate this ability, four…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jiayu Wang , Yifei Ming , Riya Dulepet , Qinglin Chen , Austin Xu , Zixuan Ke , Frederic Sala , Aws Albarghouthi , Caiming Xiong , Shafiq Joty

Deep Research systems based on web agents have shown strong potential in solving complex information-seeking tasks, yet their search efficiency remains underexplored. We observe that many state-of-the-art open-source web agents rely on long…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Junjie Wang , Zequn Xie , Dan Yang , Jie Feng , Yue Shen , Duolin Sun , Meixiu Long , Yihan Jiao , Zhehao Tan , Jian Wang , Peng Wei , Jinjie Gu

Effective information seeking in the vast and ever-growing digital landscape requires balancing expansive search with strategic reasoning. Current large language model (LLM)-based agents struggle to achieve this balance due to limitations…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Xianghe Pang , Shuo Tang , Rui Ye , Yuwen Du , Yaxin Du , Siheng Chen

Large language models are transitioning from generalpurpose knowledge engines to realworld problem solvers, yet optimizing them for deep search tasks remains challenging. The central bottleneck lies in the extreme sparsity of highquality…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Zheng Chu , Xiao Wang , Jack Hong , Huiming Fan , Yuqi Huang , Yue Yang , Guohai Xu , Chenxiao Zhao , Cheng Xiang , Shengchao Hu , Dongdong Kuang , Ming Liu , Bing Qin , Xing Yu

Deep Research Agents (DRAs) generate citation-rich reports via multi-step search and synthesis, yet existing benchmarks mainly target text-only settings or short-form multimodal QA, missing end-to-end multimodal evidence use. We introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Peizhou Huang , Zixuan Zhong , Zhongwei Wan , Donghao Zhou , Samiul Alam , Xin Wang , Zexin Li , Zhihao Dou , Li Zhu , Jing Xiong , Chaofan Tao , Yan Xu , Dimitrios Dimitriadis , Tuo Zhang , Mi Zhang

Large language models have improved dialogue systems, but often process conversational turns in isolation, overlooking the event structures that guide natural interactions. Hence we introduce EventWeave, a framework that explicitly models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Zhengyi Zhao , Shubo Zhang , Yiming Du , Bin Liang , Baojun Wang , Zhongyang Li , Binyang Li , Kam-Fai Wong

DeepResearch agents represent a transformative AI paradigm, conducting expert-level research through sophisticated reasoning and multi-tool integration. However, evaluating these systems remains critically challenging due to open-ended…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Tianyu Fan , Xinyao Niu , Yuxiang Zheng , Fengji Zhang , Chengen Huang , Bei Chen , Junyang Lin , Chao Huang

Scaling test-time computation improves large language model performance without additional training. Recent work demonstrates that techniques such as repeated sampling, self-verification, and self-reflection can significantly enhance task…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Dongwon Jung , Peng Shi , Yi Zhang

The hallmark of Deep Research agents lies in compositional reasoning, the capacity to aggregate distributed, heterogeneous information into coherent logical insights. However, current agentic systems are often retrieval-heavy but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Rui Wang , Ce Zhang , Jun-Yu Ma , Jianshu Zhang , Hongru Wang , Yi Chen , Boyang Xue , Tianqing Fang , Zhisong Zhang , Hongming Zhang , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu , Kam-Fai Wong

While recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in automating test generation for regression testing, they often suffer from limited reasoning about program execution, resulting in stagnated coverage growth - a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Cuong Chi Le , Cuong Duc Van , Tung Duy Vu , Thai Minh Pham Vu , Hoang Nhat Phan , Huy Nhat Phan , Tien N. Nguyen

Deep Research (DR) requires LLM agents to autonomously perform multi-step information seeking, processing, and reasoning to generate comprehensive reports. In contrast to existing studies that mainly focus on unstructured web content, a…

Long-context multiple-choice question answering tasks require robust reasoning over extensive text sources. Since most of the pre-trained transformer models are restricted to processing only a few hundred words at a time, successful…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Manish Singh , Manish Shrivastava