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Galactic cosmic rays are the high-energy particles that stream into our solar system from distant corners of our Galaxy and some low energy particles are from the Sun which are associated with solar flares. The Earth atmosphere serves as an…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-07-24 Olesya Sarajlic , Semir Sarajlic , Ting-Cun Wei , Xiaochun He

Current-day cosmic ray (CR) propagation studies use static Milky-Way models and fit parametrized source distributions to data. Instead, we use three-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamical (MHD) simulations of isolated galaxies with the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-05-25 Maria Werhahn , Christoph Pfrommer , Philipp Girichidis , Ewald Puchwein , Rüdiger Pakmor

Future satellite gravimetry missions seek to surpass the performance of CHAMP, GOCE, GRACE, and GRACE-FO to meet increasing scientific and operational demands. These missions will integrate advanced technologies, including optical and…

Cosmic ray measurements have inspired numerous interesting applications over several decades worldwide. These applications encompass non-invasive cosmic ray muon tomography, which enables the imaging of concealed dense objects or…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-11-06 Olesya Sarajlic , Xiaochun He

Numerical modeling of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) penetration through the heliosphere to the vicinity of the Sun is considered. Galactic cosmic rays are charged particles with energies exceeding 10 MeV/nucl., originating from far beyond the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-04 D. A. Shestakov , V. V. Izmodenov

The astrophysical interpretation of recent experimental observations of cosmic rays relies increasingly on Monte Carlo simulations of cosmic ray propagation and acceleration. Depending on the energy range of interest, several different…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-05-22 R. Alves Batista , J. Becker Tjus , A. Dundovic , M. Erdmann , C. Heiter , K. -H. Kampert , D. Kuempel , L. Merten , G. Müller , G. Sigl , A. v. Vliet , D. Walz , T. Winchen , M. Wirtz

An observation-based Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) spectral model for heavy nuclei is developed. Zhao and Qin (J. Geophys. Res. Space Phys.118, 1837(2013)) proposed an empirical elemental GCR spectra model for nuclear charge 5-28 over the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-05 Shuai Fu , LingLing Zhao , Gary P. Zank , Miao Wang , Yong Jiang

This paper reviews recent progress in the field of direct measurements of Galactic cosmic rays. High-statistic measurements of cosmic ray energy spectra, chemical and isotopic composition, and the rare antimatter components have been made…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-02-02 Nicola Tomassetti

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) is a new generation high-energy physics experiment installed on the International Space Station in May 2011 and operating continuously since then. Using an unprecedently large collection of particles…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-07-31 Nicola Tomassetti

We analyse observational signatures of magnetic fields for simulations of a Milky-Way like disc with supernova-driven interstellar turbulence and self-consistent chemical processes. In particular, we post-process two simulations data sets…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-03-29 Yoan Rappaz , Jennifer Schober , Philipp Girichidis

Cosmic ray (CR) transport and acceleration is essential for many astrophysical problems, e.g., CMB foreground, ionization of molecular clouds and all high energy phenomena. Recent advances in MHD turbulence call for revisions in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-12-06 Huirong Yan , A. Lazarian

The upcoming phase of space exploration not only includes trips to Mars and beyond, but also holds great promise for human progress. However, the harm caused by cosmic radiation, consisting of Galactic Cosmic Rays and Solar Particle Events,…

Biological Physics · Physics 2024-09-02 Zahida Sultanova , Saleh Sultansoy

Interactions of grazing incidence, ultra high energy cosmic rays with the earth's atmosphere may provide a new method of studying energetic cosmic rays with gamma-ray satellites. It is found that these cosmic ray interactions may produce…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-01 Andrew Ulmer

We study solar modulation of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) during the deep solar minimum, including the declining phase, of solar cycle 23 and compare the results of this unusual period with the results obtained during similar phases of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-12-03 O. P. M. Aslam , Badruddin

The Galactic center offers us a unique opportunity to test General Relativity (GR) with the orbits of stars around a supermassive black hole. Observations of these stars have been one of the great successes of adaptive optics on 8-10 m…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-11-20 Tuan Do , Aurelien Hees , Arezu Dehghanfar , Andrea Ghez , Shelley Wright

We use the GALPROP code for cosmic-ray (CR) propagation to calculate the broad-band luminosity spectrum of the Milky Way related to CR propagation and interactions in the interstellar medium. This includes gamma-ray emission from the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-10-01 A. W. Strong , T. A. Porter , S. W. Digel , G. Johannesson , P. Martin , I. V. Moskalenko , E. J. Murphy

Entering a new era of high-energy gamma-ray experiments, there is an exciting quest for the first detection of gamma-ray emission from clusters of galaxies. To complement these observational efforts, we use high-resolution simulations of a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Anders Pinzke , Christoph Pfrommer

Cosmic ray (CR) feedback plays a vital role in shaping the formation and evolution of galaxies through their interaction with magnetohydrodynamic waves. In the CR self-confinement scenario, the waves are generated by the CR gyro-resonant…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-23 Xiaochen Sun , Xue-Ning Bai , Xihui Zhao

Extensive simulations of the ultra-high energy cosmic ray (UHECR) propagation in the Galactic magnetic field (GMF) have been performed, and the results are presented. The use of different available models of the large-scale GMF and/or…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2009-01-23 Serguei Vorobiov , Mustafa Hussain , Darko Veberič

We are constructing a model which aims to reproduce observational data of many kinds related to cosmic-ray origin and propagation: direct measurements of nuclei, antiprotons, electrons and positrons, gamma-rays, and synchrotron radiation.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. W. Strong , I. V. Moskalenko