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Federated learning (FL) is revolutionizing how we learn from data. With its growing popularity, it is now being used in many safety-critical domains such as autonomous vehicles and healthcare. Since thousands of participants can contribute…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Ehsanul Kabir , Zeyu Song , Md Rafi Ur Rashid , Shagufta Mehnaz

Classical federated learning (FL) enables training machine learning models without sharing data for privacy preservation, but heterogeneous data characteristic degrades the performance of the localized model. Personalized FL (PFL) addresses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Mingjia Shi , Yuhao Zhou , Kai Wang , Huaizheng Zhang , Shudong Huang , Qing Ye , Jiangcheng Lv

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has marked significant achievements in language processing and reasoning capabilities. Despite their advancements, LLMs face vulnerabilities to data poisoning attacks, where the adversary inserts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Xiangyu Zhou , Yao Qiang , Saleh Zare Zade , Mohammad Amin Roshani , Prashant Khanduri , Douglas Zytko , Dongxiao Zhu

Federated learning (FL) provides autonomy and privacy by design to participating peers, who cooperatively build a machine learning (ML) model while keeping their private data in their devices. However, that same autonomy opens the door for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Najeeb Moharram Jebreel , Josep Domingo-Ferrer , David Sánchez , Alberto Blanco-Justicia

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training without sharing raw data in edge environments, but is constrained by limited communication bandwidth and heterogeneous client data distributions. Prototype-based FL mitigates this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Hongyue Wu , Hangyu Li , Guodong Fan , Haoran Zhu , Shizhan Chen , Zhiyong Feng

Federated learning (FL) has been widely studied recently due to its property to collaboratively train data from different devices without sharing the raw data. Nevertheless, recent studies show that an adversary can still be possible to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Caridad Arroyo Arevalo , Sayedeh Leila Noorbakhsh , Yun Dong , Yuan Hong , Binghui Wang

Federated Learning (FL) has become very popular since it enables clients to train a joint model collaboratively without sharing their private data. However, FL has been shown to be susceptible to backdoor and inference attacks. While in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Huimin Li , Phillip Rieger , Shaza Zeitouni , Stjepan Picek , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi

Federated Learning (FL) is a popular paradigm enabling clients to jointly train a global model without sharing raw data. However, FL is known to be vulnerable towards backdoor attacks due to its distributed nature. As participants,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Xingyu Lyu , Ning Wang , Yang Xiao , Shixiong Li , Tao Li , Danjue Chen , Yimin Chen

Federated Learning (FL) has become increasingly popular to perform data-driven analysis in cyber-physical critical infrastructures. Since the FL process may involve the client's confidential information, Differential Privacy (DP) has been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Md Tamjid Hossain , Shahriar Badsha , Hung La , Haoting Shen , Shafkat Islam , Ibrahim Khalil , Xun Yi

Federated learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving machine learning technique that facilitates collaboration among participants across demographics. FL enables model sharing, while restricting the movement of data. Since FL provides…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Harsh Kasyap , Minghong Fang , Zhuqing Liu , Carsten Maple , Somanath Tripathy

Recent studies have revealed a security threat to natural language processing (NLP) models, called the Backdoor Attack. Victim models can maintain competitive performance on clean samples while behaving abnormally on samples with a specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Wenkai Yang , Lei Li , Zhiyuan Zhang , Xuancheng Ren , Xu Sun , Bin He

Federated Learning enables entities to collaboratively learn a shared prediction model while keeping their training data locally. It prevents data collection and aggregation and, therefore, mitigates the associated privacy risks. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Raouf Kerkouche , Gergely Ács , Claude Castelluccia

Privacy-preserving federated learning (PPFL) aims to train a global model for multiple clients while maintaining their data privacy. However, current PPFL protocols exhibit one or more of the following insufficiencies: considerable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Wenhan Dong , Chao Lin , Xinlei He , Shengmin Xu , Xinyi Huang

Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning (PPFL) has emerged as a secure distributed Machine Learning (ML) paradigm that aggregates locally trained gradients without exposing raw data. To defend against model poisoning threats, several…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Baofu Han , Bing Li , Yining Qi , Zhiquan Liu , Raja Jurdak , Kaibin Huang , Chau Yuen

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training without centralizing client data, making it attractive for privacy-sensitive domains. While existing approaches employ cryptographic techniques such as homomorphic encryption,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Sahar Ghoflsaz Ghinani , Elaheh Sadredini

In the evolving landscape of Federated Learning (FL), a new type of attacks concerns the research community, namely Data Poisoning Attacks, which threaten the model integrity by maliciously altering training data. This paper introduces a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Nick Galanis

Federated learning allows for clients in a distributed system to jointly train a machine learning model. However, clients' models are vulnerable to attacks during the training and testing phases. In this paper, we address the issue of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Taejin Kim , Shubhranshu Singh , Nikhil Madaan , Carlee Joe-Wong

Split Federated Learning (SFL) has emerged as an efficient alternative to traditional Federated Learning (FL) by reducing client-side computation through model partitioning. However, exchanging of intermediate activations and model updates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Xingchen Wang , Feijie Wu , Chenglin Miao , Tianchun Li , Haoyu Hu , Qiming Cao , Jing Gao , Lu Su

Multi-stage threats like advanced persistent threats (APT) pose severe risks by stealing data and destroying infrastructure, with detection being challenging. APTs use novel attack vectors and evade signature-based detection by obfuscating…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Florian Nelles , Abbas Yazdinejad , Ali Dehghantanha , Reza M. Parizi , Gautam Srivastava

Neural networks are widely known to be vulnerable to backdoor attacks, a method that poisons a portion of the training data to make the target model perform well on normal data sets, while outputting attacker-specified or random categories…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Yong Li , Han Gao
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