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Scientific document representation learning provides powerful embeddings for various tasks, while current methods face challenges across three approaches. 1) Contrastive training with citation-structural signals underutilizes citation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Zheng Dou , Deqing Wang , Fuzhen Zhuang , Jian Ren , Yanlin Hu

Large language models (LLMs) deployed on edge servers are increasingly used in latency-sensitive applications such as personalized assistants, recommendation, and content moderation. However, the non-stationary nature of user data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Yufei Li , Yu Fu , Yue Dong , Cong Liu

Multimodal in-context learning (ICL) has emerged as a key mechanism for harnessing the capabilities of large vision-language models (LVLMs). However, its effectiveness remains highly sensitive to the quality of input ICL sequences,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yanshu Li , Jianjiang Yang , Tian Yun , Pinyuan Feng , Jinfa Huang , Ruixiang Tang

The advent of large language models (LLMs) like GPT-4 has catalyzed the exploration of multi-task learning (MTL), in which a single model demonstrates proficiency across diverse tasks. Task arithmetic has emerged as a cost-effective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Yuyan Zhou , Liang Song , Bingning Wang , Weipeng Chen

Multi-task large language models (MTLLMs) are important for many applications at the wireless edge, where users demand specialized models to handle multiple tasks efficiently. However, training MTLLMs is complex and exhaustive, particularly…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-09 Aladin Djuhera , Vlad C. Andrei , Mohsen Pourghasemian , Haris Gacanin , Holger Boche , Walid Saad

Analyzing surgical workflow is crucial for surgical assistance robots to understand surgeries. With the understanding of the complete surgical workflow, the robots are able to assist the surgeons in intra-operative events, such as by giving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Yutong Ban , Guy Rosman , Thomas Ward , Daniel Hashimoto , Taisei Kondo , Hidekazu Iwaki , Ozanan Meireles , Daniela Rus

Multi-task learning (MTL) trains deep neural networks to optimize several objectives simultaneously using a shared backbone, which leads to reduced computational costs, improved data efficiency, and enhanced performance through cross-task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Hoang Phan , Lam Tran , Quyen Tran , Ngoc N. Tran , Tuan Truong , Qi Lei , Nhat Ho , Dinh Phung , Trung Le

In a multi-task learning (MTL) setting, a single model is trained to tackle a diverse set of tasks jointly. Despite rapid progress in the field, MTL remains challenging due to optimization issues such as conflicting and dominating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Dmitry Senushkin , Nikolay Patakin , Arseny Kuznetsov , Anton Konushin

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted in edge intelligence to power domain-specific applications and personalized services, the quality and efficiency of the LLM post-training phase-including fine-tuning and inference,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Shaoyuan Huang , Yunfeng Zhao , Na Yan , Tiancheng Zhang , Xiaokai Wang , Xiaofei Wang , Wenyu Wang , Yansha Deng

Medical image segmentation has been significantly advanced by deep learning (DL) techniques, though the data scarcity inherent in medical applications poses a great challenge to DL-based segmentation methods. Self-supervised learning offers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Binyan Hu , A. K. Qin

We present MindGPT-4ov, a multimodal large language model (MLLM) that introduces a general post-training paradigm spanning data production, model training, and efficient deployment. It achieves state-of-the-art performance across multiple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Wei Chen , Chaoqun Du , Feng Gu , Wei He , Qizhen Li , Zide Liu , Xuhao Pan , Chang Ren , Xudong Rao , Chenfeng Wang , Tao Wei , Chengjun Yu , Pengfei Yu , Yufei Zheng , Chunpeng Zhou , Pan Zhou , Xuhan Zhu

Multi-task learning (MTL) has shown effectiveness in exploiting shared information across tasks to improve generalization. MTL assumes tasks share similarities that can improve performance. In addition, boosting algorithms have demonstrated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Seyedsaman Emami , Gonzalo Martínez-Muñoz , Daniel Hernández-Lobato

Medical diagnosis requires the effective synthesis of visual manifestations and clinical metadata. However, existing methods often treat metadata as isolated tags, failing to exploit the rich semantic knowledge embedded in clinical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Yiqing Wang , Chunming He , Ming-Chen Lu , Mercy Pawar , Leslie Niziol , Maria Woodward , Sina Farsiu

Traditional deep learning methods in medical imaging often focus solely on segmentation or classification, limiting their ability to leverage shared information. Multi-task learning (MTL) addresses this by combining both tasks through…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-03 Phuoc-Nguyen Bui , Duc-Tai Le , Junghyun Bum , Hyunseung Choo

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrate robust zero-shot capabilities across diverse vision-language tasks after training on mega-scale datasets. However, dense prediction tasks, such as semantic segmentation and keypoint…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Yan Tai , Luhao Zhu , Yunan Ding , Yiying Dong , Guangtao Zhai , Xiaohong Liu , Guodong Guo

Integrating segmentation into Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) presents a core trilemma: simultaneously preserving dialogue ability, achieving high segmentation performance, and ensuring fast inference. Prevailing paradigms are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Jiazhen Liu , Mingkuan Feng , Long Chen

Intraday surgical scheduling is a multi-objective decision problem under uncertainty-balancing elective throughput, urgent and emergency demand, delays, sequence-dependent setups, and overtime. We formulate the problem as a cooperative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Kailiang Liu , Ying Chen , Ralf Borndörfer , Thorsten Koch

Multi-task learning aims to learn multiple tasks jointly by exploiting their relatedness to improve the generalization performance for each task. Traditionally, to perform multi-task learning, one needs to centralize data from all the tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-21 Sulin Liu , Sinno Jialin Pan , Qirong Ho

Recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel in vision-language understanding but face challenges in adapting to dynamic real-world scenarios that require continuous integration of new knowledge and skills. While continual learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Hongbo Zhao , Fei Zhu , Haiyang Guo , Meng Wang , Rundong Wang , Gaofeng Meng , Zhaoxiang Zhang

3D medical image analysis is essential for modern healthcare, yet traditional task-specific models are inadequate due to limited generalizability across diverse clinical scenarios. Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) offer a promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yiming Shi , Xun Zhu , Kaiwen Wang , Ying Hu , Chenyi Guo , Miao Li , Ji Wu