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While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are adept at answering what is in an image-identifying objects and describing scenes-they often lack the ability to understand how an image feels to a human observer. This gap is most evident…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Yiming Chen , Junlin Han , Tianyi Bai , Shengbang Tong , Filippos Kokkinos , Philip Torr

The recent advancements in text-to-image generative models have been remarkable. Yet, the field suffers from a lack of evaluation metrics that accurately reflect the performance of these models, particularly lacking fine-grained metrics…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Zhiyu Tan , Xiaomeng Yang , Luozheng Qin , Mengping Yang , Cheng Zhang , Hao Li

Large language models (LLMs) can handle a wide variety of general tasks with simple prompts, without the need for task-specific training. Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), built upon LLMs, have demonstrated impressive potential in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Tao Yu , Yi-Fan Zhang , Chaoyou Fu , Junkang Wu , Jinda Lu , Kun Wang , Xingyu Lu , Yunhang Shen , Guibin Zhang , Dingjie Song , Yibo Yan , Tianlong Xu , Qingsong Wen , Zhang Zhang , Yan Huang , Liang Wang , Tieniu Tan

Large language models (LLMs) often generate natural language rationales -- free-form explanations that help improve performance on complex reasoning tasks and enhance interpretability for human users. However, evaluating these rationales…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Ziang Li , Manasi Ganti , Zixian Ma , Helena Vasconcelos , Qijia He , Ranjay Krishna

AI-based text-to-image models do not only excel at generating realistic images, they also give designers more and more fine-grained control over the image content. Consequently, these approaches have gathered increased attention within the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Sebastian Hartwig , Dominik Engel , Leon Sick , Hannah Kniesel , Tristan Payer , Poonam Poonam , Michael Glöckler , Alex Bäuerle , Timo Ropinski

The rapid advancement of AI-generated image (AIGI) models presents new challenges for evaluating image quality, particularly across three aspects: perceptual quality, prompt correspondence, and authenticity. To address these challenges, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Chuan Cui , Kejiang Chen , Zhihua Wei , Wen Shen , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Large language models (LLMs) constitute a breakthrough state-of-the-art Artificial Intelligence technology which is rapidly evolving and promises to aid in medical diagnosis. However, the correctness and the accuracy of their returns has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Dimitrios P. Panagoulias , Maria Virvou , George A. Tsihrintzis

Understanding how visual content conveys sentiment is increasingly important in a digital landscape dominated by imagery. However, sentiment perception depends on complex scene-level semantics, making this a challenging task for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Neemias B. da Silva , John Harrison , Rodrigo Minetto , Myriam R. Delgado , Bogdan T. Nassu , Thiago H. Silva

Network visualization has traditionally relied on heuristic metrics, such as stress, under the assumption that optimizing them leads to aesthetic and informative layouts. However, no single metric consistently produces the most effective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Peng Zhang , Xuefeng Li , Xiaoqi Wang , Han-Wei Shen , Yifan Hu

Subjective image quality measures based on deep neural networks are very related to models of visual neuroscience. This connection benefits engineering but, more interestingly, the freedom to optimize deep networks in different ways, make…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Pablo Hernández-Cámara , Jorge Vila-Tomás , Valero Laparra , Jesús Malo

How humans can effectively and efficiently acquire images has always been a perennial question. A classic solution is text-to-image retrieval from an existing database; however, the limited database typically lacks creativity. By contrast,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Leigang Qu , Haochuan Li , Tan Wang , Wenjie Wang , Yongqi Li , Liqiang Nie , Tat-Seng Chua

Psychophysical experiments remain the most reliable approach for perceptual image quality assessment (IQA), yet their cost and limited scalability encourage automated approaches. We investigate whether Vision Language Models (VLMs) can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Imran Mehmood , Imad Ali Shah , Ming Ronnier Luo , Brian Deegan

Multimodal large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in generating high-quality images from textual instructions. However, their performance in generating scientific images--a critical application for…

Current metrics for text-to-image models typically rely on statistical metrics which inadequately represent the real preference of humans. Although recent work attempts to learn these preferences via human annotated images, they reduce the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Sixian Zhang , Bohan Wang , Junqiang Wu , Yan Li , Tingting Gao , Di Zhang , Zhongyuan Wang

Training medical AI algorithms requires large volumes of accurately labeled datasets, which are difficult to obtain in the real world. Synthetic images generated from deep generative models can help alleviate the data scarcity problem, but…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-16 Xiaodan Xing , Yang Nan , Federico Felder , Simon Walsh , Guang Yang

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs), or Vision-Language Models (VLMs), have shown impressive capabilities in a wide range of visual tasks. However, they often struggle with fine-grained visual reasoning, failing to identify domain-specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Yucheng Shi , Quanzheng Li , Jin Sun , Xiang Li , Ninghao Liu

Evaluating the quality of automatically generated image descriptions is challenging, requiring metrics that capture various aspects such as grammaticality, coverage, correctness, and truthfulness. While human evaluation offers valuable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Jia-Hong Huang , Hongyi Zhu , Yixian Shen , Stevan Rudinac , Alessio M. Pacces , Evangelos Kanoulas

Accurately generating images of human bodies from text remains a challenging problem for state of the art text-to-image models. Commonly observed body-related artifacts include extra or missing limbs, unrealistic poses, blurred body parts,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Nefeli Andreou , Varsha Vivek , Ying Wang , Alex Vorobiov , Tiffany Deng , Raja Bala , Larry Davis , Betty Mohler Tesch

The task of image captioning demands an algorithm to generate natural language descriptions of visual inputs. Recent advancements have seen a convergence between image captioning research and the development of Large Language Models (LLMs)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Davide Bucciarelli , Nicholas Moratelli , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

Beyond conventional paradigms of translating speech and text, recently, there has been interest in automated transcreation of images to facilitate localization of visual content across different cultures. Attempts to define this as a formal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Simran Khanuja , Vivek Iyer , Claire He , Graham Neubig