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Photoplethysmography (PPG) signals encode information about relative changes in blood volume that can be used to assess various aspects of cardiac health non-invasively, e.g.\ to detect atrial fibrillation (AF) or predict blood pressure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Ciaran Bench , Vivek Desai , Mohammad Moulaeifard , Nils Strodthoff , Philip Aston , Andrew Thompson

Self-supervised learning has proven to be an effective way to learn representations in domains where annotated labels are scarce, such as medical imaging. A widely adopted framework for this purpose is contrastive learning and it has been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Hugo Figueiras , Helena Aidos , Nuno Cruz Garcia

The vast majority of cardiovascular diseases may be preventable if early signs and risk factors are detected. Cardiovascular monitoring with body-worn sensor devices like sensor patches allows for the detection of such signs while…

Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) is a severe disease characterized by an elevated pulmonary artery pressure. The gold standard for PH diagnosis is measurement of mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (mPAP) during an invasive Right Heart…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-25 Michal K. Grzeszczyk , Tadeusz Satlawa , Angela Lungu , Andrew Swift , Andrew Narracott , Rod Hose , Tomasz Trzcinski , Arkadiusz Sitek

Photolethysmographic imaging (PPGI) is a widefield non-contact biophotonic technology able to remotely monitor cardiovascular function over anatomical areas. Though spatial context can provide increased physiological insight, existing PPGI…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2016-12-21 Robert Amelard , David A Clausi , Alexander Wong

In comparative studies of progressive diseases, such as randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the mean Change From Baseline (CFB) of a continuous outcome at a pre-specified follow-up time across subjects in the target population is a…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-15 Changyu Shen , Menglan Pang , Ling Zhu , Lu Tian

Hypertension is a highly prevalent chronic medical condition and a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), as it accounts for more than $45\%$ of CVD. The relation between blood pressure (BP) and its risk factors cannot be…

Applications · Statistics 2023-07-25 Sanna Soomro , Keming Yu

The deep learning technique has been shown to be effectively addressed several image analysis tasks in the computer-aided diagnosis scheme for mammography. The training of an efficacious deep learning model requires large data with diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Zheren Li , Zhiming Cui , Lichi Zhang , Sheng Wang , Chenjin Lei , Xi Ouyang , Dongdong Chen , Xiangyu Zhao , Yajia Gu , Zaiyi Liu , Chunling Liu , Dinggang Shen , Jie-Zhi Cheng

Cardiovascular disease has become one of the most significant threats endangering human life and health. Recently, Electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring has been transformed into remote cardiac monitoring by Holter surveillance. However, the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-26 Peng Wang , Zihuai Lin , Xucun Yan , Zijiao Chen , Ming Ding , Yang Song , Lu Meng

Remote heart rate estimation is the measurement of heart rate without any physical contact with the subject and is accomplished using remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) in this work. rPPG signals are usually collected using a video camera…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Eugene Lee , Evan Chen , Chen-Yi Lee

The acquisition of inductive bias through point-level contrastive learning holds paramount significance in point cloud pre-training. However, the square growth in computational requirements with the scale of the point cloud poses a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Zhiyi Pan , Guoqing Liu , Wei Gao , Thomas H. Li

Cardiac MRI allows for a comprehensive assessment of myocardial structure, function and tissue characteristics. Here we describe a foundational vision system for cardiac MRI, capable of representing the breadth of human cardiovascular…

Subtle periodic signals such as blood volume pulse and respiration can be extracted from RGB video, enabling remote health monitoring at low cost. Advancements in remote pulse estimation -- or remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) -- are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Jeremy Speth , Nathan Vance , Patrick Flynn , Adam Czajka

Self-supervised graph representation learning has recently shown considerable promise in a range of fields, including bioinformatics and social networks. A large number of graph contrastive learning approaches have shown promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Wei Ju , Yiyang Gu , Zhengyang Mao , Ziyue Qiao , Yifang Qin , Xiao Luo , Hui Xiong , Ming Zhang

Most deep learning models of multiclass arrhythmia classification are tested on fingertip photoplethysmographic (PPG) data, which has higher signal-to-noise ratios compared to smartwatch-derived PPG, and the best reported sensitivity value…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-13 Dong Han , Jihye Moon , Luís Roberto Mercado Díaz , Darren Chen , Devan Williams , Eric Y. Ding , Khanh-Van Tran , David D. McManus , Ki H. Chon

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a life-threatening condition where rapid and accurate diagnosis is imperative yet difficult due to predominantly atypical symptomatology. Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is acknowledged as the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-17 Bizhe Bai , Yan-Jie Zhou , Yujian Hu , Tony C. W. Mok , Yilang Xiang , Le Lu , Hongkun Zhang , Minfeng Xu

Domain-invariant representation learning is a powerful method for domain generalization. Previous approaches face challenges such as high computational demands, training instability, and limited effectiveness with high-dimensional data,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Yuheng Xu , Taiping Zhang

Accurate cardiac output (CO) estimation from photoplethysmography (PPG) is promising for unobtrusive hemodynamic monitoring, but remains difficult since CO is jointly determined by cardiac function and vascular tone. Conventional…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-05-20 Yaowen Zhang , Bo Cui , Libera Fresiello , Peter H. Veltink , Dirk W. Donker , Ying Wang

Purpose: Multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis requires accurate assessment of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and ventricular changes on brain MRI. Current methods treat these structures independently, struggle to differentiate normal from…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-20 Mahdi Bashiri Bawil , Mousa Shamsi , Abolhassan Shakeri Bavil

This study evaluates whether integrating curriculum learning with diffusion-based synthetic augmentation can enhance the detection of difficult pulmonary nodules in chest radiographs, particularly those with low size, brightness, and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-22 Pranav Sambhu , Om Guin , Madhav Sambhu , Jinho Cha