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Electrocardiography (ECG), an electrical measurement which captures cardiac activities, is the gold standard for diagnosing cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, ECG is infeasible for continuous cardiac monitoring due to its requirement…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-06 Ella Lan

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a cost-effective and non-invasive technique that utilizes optical methods to measure cardiac physiology. PPG has become increasingly popular in health monitoring and is used in various commercial and clinical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Khuong Vo , Mostafa El-Khamy , Yoojin Choi

Many remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) estimation models have achieved promising performance in the training domain but often fail to accurately estimate physiological signals or heart rates (HR) in the target domains. Domain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Pei-Kai Huang , Tzu-Hsien Chen , Ya-Ting Chan , Kuan-Wen Chen , Chiou-Ting Hsu

This letter presents a novel hybrid method that leverages deep learning to exploit the multi-resolution analysis capability of the wavelets, in order to denoise a photoplethysmography (PPG) signal. Under the proposed method, a noisy PPG…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Rabia Ahmed , Ahsan Mehmood , Muhammad Mahboob Ur Rahman , Octavia A. Dobre

Accurate classification of sleep stages from less obtrusive sensor measurements such as the electrocardiogram (ECG) or photoplethysmogram (PPG) could enable important applications in sleep medicine. Existing approaches to this problem have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Jonathan F. Carter , Lionel Tarassenko

Camera-based photoplethysmography (PPG) obtained from smartphones has shown great promise for personalized healthcare and secure authentication. This paper presents a multimodal biometric system that integrates PPG signals extracted from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Xue Xian Zheng , M. M. Ur Rahma , Bilal Taha , Mudassir Masood , Dimitrios Hatzinakos , Tareq Al-Naffouri

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is one of the most widely captured biosignals for clinical prediction tasks, yet PPG-based algorithms are typically trained on small-scale datasets of uncertain quality, which hinders meaningful algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Mohammad Moulaeifard , Philip J. Aston , Peter H. Charlton , Nils Strodthoff

Continuous cardiovascular monitoring can play a key role in precision health. However, some fundamental cardiac biomarkers of interest, including stroke volume and cardiac output, require invasive measurements, e.g., arterial pressure…

Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Traditional blood pressure monitoring methods are cumbersome and inadequate for continuous tracking, prompting the development of PPG-based cuffless blood pressure…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-20 Hui Lin , Jiyang Li , Ramy Hussein , Xin Sui , Xiaoyu Li , Guangpu Zhu , Aggelos K. Katsaggelos , Zijing Zeng , Yelei Li

Wearable devices with photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors are widely used to monitor heart rate (HR), yet often suffer from accuracy issues. However, users typically do not receive an indication of potential measurement errors. We present a…

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a non-invasive and economical technique to extract vital signs of the human body. Although it has been widely used in consumer and research grade wrist devices to track a user's physiology, the PPG signal is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-08 Runyu Mao , Mackenzie Tweardy , Stephan W. Wegerich , Craig J. Goergen , George R. Wodicka , Fengqing Zhu

Wrist-worn smart devices are providing increased insights into human health, behaviour and performance through sophisticated analytics. However, battery life, device cost and sensor performance in the face of movement-related artefact…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-02 Eoin Brophy , Willie Muehlhausen , Alan F. Smeaton , Tomas E. Ward

Indoor localization remains challenging in GNSS-denied environments due to multipath, device heterogeneity, and volatile radio conditions. We propose a topology-aware, hybrid Wi-Fi/BLE fingerprinting framework that (i) applies physically…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-21 Behrad Mousaei Shir-Mohammad , Behzad Moshiri , Abolfazl Yaghmaei

Integrated photonics provides a route both to miniaturize quantum key distribution (QKD) devices and to enhance their performance. A key element for achieving discrete-variable QKD is a single-photon detector. It is highly desirable to…

Photoplethysmography (PPG) plays a crucial role in continuous cardiovascular health monitoring as a non-invasive and cost-effective modality. However, PPG signals are susceptible to motion artifacts and noise, making accurate estimation of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-05 Shuntaro Suzuki , Shuitsu Koyama , Shinnosuke Hirano , Shunya Nagashima

Portable physiological monitoring is essential for early detection and management of cardiovascular disease, but current methods often require specialized equipment that limits accessibility or impose impractical postures that patients…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Jiankai Tang , Tao Zhang , Jia Li , Yiru Zhang , Mingyu Zhang , Kegang Wang , Yuming Hao , Bolin Wang , Haiyang Li , Xingyao Wang , Yuanchun Shi , Yuntao Wang , Sichong Qian

Cardiovascular stability estimation from wearable photoplethysmography (PPG) requires a principled nonlinear framework, yet major gaps persist in heuristic parameter selection and evaluation protocols that inflate reported performance. We…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-20 Timothy Oladunni , Farouk Ganiyu Adewumi

Wearable devices such as smartwatches are becoming increasingly popular tools for objectively monitoring physical activity in free-living conditions. To date, research has primarily focused on the purely supervised task of human activity…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-26 Dimitris Spathis , Ignacio Perez-Pozuelo , Soren Brage , Nicholas J. Wareham , Cecilia Mascolo

IoT wearable devices are widely expected to reduce the cost and risk of personal healthcare. However, ambulatory data collected from such devices are often corrupted or contaminated with severe noises. Signal Quality Indicators (SQIs) can…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-22 Arlene John , Barry Cardiff , Deepu John

Object: It is increasingly popular to collect as much data as possible in the hospital setting from clinical monitors for research purposes. However, in this setup the data calibration issue is often not discussed and, rather, implicitly…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2019-09-17 Yu-Ting Lin , Yu-Lun Lo , Chen-Yun Lin , Hau-Tieng Wu , Martin G. Frasch