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Related papers: Redefining Website Fingerprinting Attacks With Mul…

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Website fingerprinting enables an eavesdropper to determine which websites a user is visiting over an encrypted connection. State-of-the-art website fingerprinting (WF) attacks have demonstrated effectiveness even against Tor-protected…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Xinhao Deng , Xiyuan Zhao , Qilei Yin , Zhuotao Liu , Qi Li , Mingwei Xu , Ke Xu , Jianping Wu

Website Fingerprinting (WF) attacks raise major concerns about users' privacy. They employ Machine Learning (ML) to allow a local passive adversary to uncover the Web browsing behavior of a user, even if she browses through an encrypted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-12-08 Giovanni Cherubin

Pre-trained large language models (LLMs) have recently achieved better generalization and sample efficiency in autonomous web automation. However, the performance on real-world websites has still suffered from (1) open domainness, (2)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Izzeddin Gur , Hiroki Furuta , Austin Huang , Mustafa Safdari , Yutaka Matsuo , Douglas Eck , Aleksandra Faust

We introduce LLMmap, a first-generation fingerprinting technique targeted at LLM-integrated applications. LLMmap employs an active fingerprinting approach, sending carefully crafted queries to the application and analyzing the responses to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Dario Pasquini , Evgenios M. Kornaropoulos , Giuseppe Ateniese

In today's world, computer networks have become vulnerable to numerous attacks. In both wireless and wired networks, one of the most common attacks is man-in-the-middle attacks, within which session hijacking, context confusion attacks have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Kailash Gogineni , Yongsheng Mei , Guru Venkataramani , Tian Lan

Website Fingerprinting (WF) is considered a major threat to the anonymity of Tor users (and other anonymity systems). While state-of-the-art WF techniques have claimed high attack accuracies, e.g., by leveraging Deep Neural Networks (DNN),…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Alireza Bahramali , Ardavan Bozorgi , Amir Houmansadr

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents demonstrate strong reasoning and execution capabilities on complex tasks when guided by structured instructions, commonly referred to as workflows. However, existing workflow-assisted agent serving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Ao Li , Shangpeng Yang , Fahao Chen , Tianheng Xu , Peng Li , Zhou Su

The Tor network provides users with strong anonymity by routing their internet traffic through multiple relays. While Tor encrypts traffic and hides IP addresses, it remains vulnerable to traffic analysis attacks such as the website…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Yuwen Cui , Guangjing Wang , Khanh Vu , Kai Wei , Kehan Shen , Zhengyuan Jiang , Xiao Han , Ning Wang , Zhuo Lu , Yao Liu

The behavior of LLMs does not depend solely on the model itself. Components of the inference system, such as the inference engine, attention backend, and hardware platform, subtly influence how inputs are processed. These components differ…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Anna Wimbauer , Jonas Möller , Erik Imgrund , Konrad Rieck

This work introduces a novel data augmentation method for few-shot website fingerprinting (WF) attack where only a handful of training samples per website are available for deep learning model optimization. Moving beyond earlier WF methods…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-05 Mantun Chen , Yongjun Wang , Zhiquan Qin , Xiatian Zhu

Wireless fingerprinting refers to a device identification method leveraging hardware imperfections and wireless channel variations as signatures. Beyond physical layer characteristics, recent studies demonstrated that user behaviors could…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Teng-Hui Huang , Thilini Dahanayaka , Kanchana Thilakarathna , Philip H. W. Leong , Hesham El Gamal

This article puts forward the use of mutual information values to replicate the expertise of security professionals in selecting features for detecting web attacks. The goal is to enhance the effectiveness of web application firewalls…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Amanda Riverol , Gustavo Betarte , Rodrigo Martínez , Álvaro Pardo

Webshell attacks are becoming more common, requiring robust detection mechanisms to protect web applications. The dissertation clearly states two research directions: scanning web application source code and analyzing HTTP traffic to detect…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Ha L. Viet , On V. Phung , Hoa N. Nguyen

Network fingerprinting is used to identify applications, provide insight into network traffic, and detect malicious activity. With the broad adoption of TLS, traditional fingerprinting techniques that rely on clear-text data are no longer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-07 Blake Anderson , David McGrew

Users' website browsing history contains sensitive information, like health conditions, political interests, financial situations, etc. Some recent studies have demonstrated the possibility of inferring website fingerprints based on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Han Wang

Large Language Model (LLM) agents are rapidly improving to handle increasingly complex web-based tasks. Most of these agents rely on general-purpose, proprietary models like GPT-4 and focus on designing better prompts to improve their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Junhong Shen , Atishay Jain , Zedian Xiao , Ishan Amlekar , Mouad Hadji , Aaron Podolny , Ameet Talwalkar

Tor is a low-latency anonymous communication network that protects user privacy by encrypting website traffic. However, recent website fingerprinting (WF) attacks have shown that encrypted traffic can still leak users' visited websites by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yuhao Pan , Wenchao Xu , Fushuo Huo , Haozhao Wang , Xiucheng Wang , Nan Cheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become foundational in modern artificial intelligence, powering a wide range of applications from code generation and virtual assistants to scientific research and enterprise automation. However, concerns…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Le Vu Anh , Dinh Duc Nha Nguyen , Phi Long Nguyen

It has been shown that finetuned transformers and other supervised detectors effectively distinguish between human and machine-generated text in some situations arXiv:2305.13242, but we find that even simple classifiers on top of n-gram and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Hope McGovern , Rickard Stureborg , Yoshi Suhara , Dimitris Alikaniotis

Modern web scraping struggles with dynamic, interactive websites that require more than static HTML parsing. Current methods are often brittle and require manual customization for each site. To address this, we introduce Webscraper, a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Guan-Lun Huang , Yuh-Jzer Joung