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Dust-continuum observations of many protoplanetary disks reveal rings and gaps that are widely interpreted as evidence of ongoing planet formation. Here we present the first framework for inferring planet and disk parameters from such…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-19 Sayed Shafaat Mahmud , Sayantan Auddy , Neal Turner , Jeffrey S. Bary

The evolution of thin axisymmetric viscous accretion disks is a classic problem in astrophysics. While models based on this simplified geometry provide only approximations to the true processes of instability-driven mass and angular…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-02-25 Mark R. Krumholz , John C. Forbes

We present AstroVaDEr, a variational autoencoder designed to perform unsupervised clustering and synthetic image generation using astronomical imaging catalogues. The model is a convolutional neural network that learns to embed images into…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-02 Ashley Spindler , James E. Geach , Michael J. Smith

Dust substructures in protoplanetary discs can be signatures of embedded young planets whose detection and characterisation would provide a better understanding of planet formation. Traditional techniques used to link substructures'…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-20 A. Ruzza , G. Lodato , G. P. Rosotti , P. J. Armitage

High-resolution sub-mm observations of some protoplanetary discs reveal non-asixymmetric features, which can often be interpreted as dust concentrations in vortices that form at the edges of gaps carved out by the embedded planets. We use…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-06 Roman R. Rafikov , Nicolas P. Cimerman

We investigate the possibility to find evidence for planets in circumstellar disks by infrared and submillimeter interferometry. We present simulations of a circumstellar disk around a solar-type star with an embedded planet of 1 Jupiter…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 S. Wolf , F. Gueth , Th. Henning , W. Kley

Observations of bright protoplanetary disks often show annular gaps in their dust emission. One interpretation of these gaps is disk-planet interaction. If so, fitting models of planetary gaps to observed protoplanetary disk gaps can reveal…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-09 Sayantan Auddy , Min-Kai Lin

High-angular resolution observations at sub-millimeter/millimeter wavelengths of disks surrounding young stars have shown that their morphology is made of azimuthally-symmetric or point-symmetric substructures, in some cases with spiral…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-27 Diana Blanco , Luca Ricci , Mario Flock , Neal Turner

Planet induced sub-structures, like annular gaps, observed in dust emission from protoplanetary disks provide a unique probe to characterize unseen young planets. While deep learning based model has an edge in characterizing the planet's…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-14 Sayantan Auddy , Ramit Dey , Min-Kai Lin , Daniel Carrera , Jacob B. Simon

We formulate a parametrized model of embedded protostellar disks and test its ability to estimate disk properties by fitting dust-continuum observations. The main physical assumptions of our model are motivated by a recent theoretical study…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-15 Wenrui Xu

We investigate the possibility to find evidence for planets in circumstellar disks by infrared and submillimeter interferometry. Hydrodynamical simulations of a circumstellar disk around a solar-type star with an embedded planet of 1…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. Wolf , F. Gueth , Th. Henning , W. Kley

Measuring the masses of protoplanetary disks is crucial for understanding their planet-forming potential. Typically, dust masses are derived from (sub-)millimeter flux density measurements plus assumptions for the opacity, temperature, and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-27 Nicholas P. Ballering , Josh A. Eisner

Protoplanetary disks observed in scattered light reveal essential insights into the disk's three-dimensional architecture and dust properties. These disks, which play a crucial role in planet formation, have complex structures where the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-16 Joel George , Carsten Dominik , Christian Ginski

[Abridged] Aims: We provide predictions for ALMA observations of planet gaps that account for the specific spatial distribution of dust that results from consistent gas+dust dynamics. Methods: In a previous work, we ran full 3D, two-fluid…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2012-08-28 J. -F. Gonzalez , C. Pinte , S. T. Maddison , F. Ménard , L. Fouchet

Interferometric observations of protoplanetary disks by VLTI and ALMA have greatly improved our understanding of the detailed structure of these planetary birthplaces. These observations have revealed a variety of large-scale disk…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-23 Lukas Hildebrandt , Anton Krieger , Hubert Klahr , Julia Kobus , Alexander Bensberg , Sebastian Wolf

In this paper, we explore the use of a variational autoencoder (VAE), a deep generative model, to compress and generate images of dark matter density fields from $\Lambda$CDM like cosmological simulations. The VAE learns a compact,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-25 Jazhiel Chacón-Lavanderos , Isidro Gómez-Vargas , Ricardo Menchaca-Mendez , J. Alberto Vázquez

The migration of planetary cores embedded in a protoplanetary disk is an important mechanism within planet-formation theory, relevant for the architecture of planetary systems. Consequently, planet migration is actively discussed, yet often…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-06 Philipp Weber , Sebastián Pérez , Pablo Benítez-Llambay , Oliver Gressel , Simon Casassus , Leonardo Krapp

Protoplanetary disks in massive star-forming regions may be exposed to ultraviolet radiation fields orders of magnitude stronger than the interstellar background. This intense radiation drives photoevaporative winds that fundamentally shape…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-03 Luke Keyte , Thomas J. Haworth

The vertical distribution of pebbles in protoplanetary disks is a fundamental property influencing planet formation, from dust aggregation to the assembly of planetary cores. In the outer region of protoplanetary disks, the intensity of the…

Recent advances in our understanding of massive star formation have made clear the important role of protostellar disks in mediating accretion. Here we describe a simple, semi-analytic model for young, deeply embedded, massive accretion…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-12-07 Kaitlin M. Kratter , Christopher D. Matzner , Mark. R. Krumholz
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