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Forecast verification plays a crucial role in the development cycle of operational numerical weather prediction models. At the same time, verification remains a challenge as the traditionally used non-spatial forecast quality metrics…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-05-25 Gregor Skok , Katarina Kosovelj

Neural networks are a promising technique for parameterizing sub-grid-scale physics (e.g. moist atmospheric convection) in coarse-resolution climate models, but their lack of interpretability and reliability prevents widespread adoption.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-12-30 Noah D. Brenowitz , Tom Beucler , Michael Pritchard , Christopher S. Bretherton

Characterizing the connection between material design decisions/parameters and their effective properties allows for accelerated materials development and optimization. We present a global sensitivity analysis of woven composite…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2021-04-29 Lincoln N. Collins , Scott A. Roberts

Cross-correlating neutral hydrogen (HI) 21cm intensity mapping with galaxy surveys provides an effective probe of astrophysical and cosmological information. This work presents a cross-correlation analysis between MeerKAT single-dish HI…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-12 Yu-Er Jiang , Yan Gong , Qi Xiong , Wenxiang Pei , Yun Liu , Furen Deng , Zi-yan Yuwen , Meng Zhang , Xingchen Zhou , Xuelei Chen , Yin-Zhe Ma , Qi Guo , Bin Yue

Shear strength and cohesion of granular materials are important geotechnical properties that play a crucial role in the stability and behavior of lunar and Martian regolith, as well as their terrestrial analog materials. To characterize and…

Space Physics · Physics 2024-03-19 B. Dotson , D. Sanchez Valencia , C. Millwater , P. Easter , J. Long-Fox , D. Britt , P. Metzger

During the last few years a number of works have proposed that planetary harmonics regulate solar oscillations and the Earth climate. Herein I address some critiques. Detailed analysis of the data do support the planetary theory of solar…

Geophysics · Physics 2014-12-02 Nicola Scafetta

Spherical centroidal Voronoi tessellations (SCVTs), currently used in numerical weather forecasting models such as the Model for Prediction Across Scales (MPAS), are a type of spherical grid that is highly flexible, allowing the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-09 Luan F. Santos , Jeferson B. Granjeiro , Pedro S. Peixoto

The margins within the geographic range of species are often specific in terms of ecological and evolutionary processes, and can strongly influence the species' reaction to climate change. One of the frequently observed features at range…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-02-28 R. Juhász , B. Oborny

We derive formulae connecting the frequency variations in the spectrum of solar oscillations to the dynamical quantities that are expected to change over the solar activity cycle. This is done for both centroids and the asymmetric part of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 W. A. Dziembowski , P. R. Goode

Remote sensing (RS) technique, enabling the non-contact acquisition of extensive ground observations, is a valuable tool for crop yield predictions. Traditional process-based models struggle to incorporate large volumes of RS data, and most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Xiaoyu Wang , Yijia Xu , Jingyi Huang , Zhengwei Yang , Yanbo Huang , Rajat Bindlish , Zhou Zhang

This paper presents an overview of results obtained during the CAWSES II period on the short term variability of the Sun and how it affects the near Earth space environment. CAWSES II was planned to examine the behavior of the solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-04-27 Nat Gopalswamy , Bruce Tsurutani , Yihua Yan

Employing smart Monte Carlo sampling techniques within the grand canonical ensemble, we investigate the properties of water at a model hydrophobic substrate. By reducing the strength of substrate-water attraction we find that fluctuations…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-07-08 Robert Evans , Nigel B. Wilding

The process of desertification in the semi-arid climatic zone is considered by many as a catastrophic regime shift, since the positive feedback of vegetation density on growth rates yields a system that admits alternative steady states.…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-02-07 Haim Weissmann , Rafi Kent , Yaron Michael , Nadav M. Shnerb

Given inputs of diverse soil characteristics and climate data gathered from various regions, we aimed to build a model to predict accurate land emissions. The problem is important since accurate quantification of the carbon cycle in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Arun Sharma , Majid Farhadloo , Mingzhou Yang , Ruolei Zeng , Subhankar Ghosh , Shashi Shekhar

Moist processes are among the most important drivers of atmospheric dynamics,and scale analysis and asymptotics are cornerstones of theoretical meteorology. Accounting for moist processes in systematic scale analyses therefore seems of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-06-16 Sabine Hittmeir , Rupert Klein

Climate change exacerbates extreme weather events like heavy rainfall and flooding. As these events cause severe socioeconomic damage, accurate high-resolution simulation of precipitation is imperative. However, existing Earth System Models…

Geophysics · Physics 2026-02-03 Michael Aich , Philipp Hess , Baoxiang Pan , Sebastian Bathiany , Yu Huang , Niklas Boers

A valuable step in the modeling of multiscale dynamical systems in fields such as computational chemistry, biology, materials science and more, is the representative sampling of the phase space over long timescales of interest; this task is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Ellis R. Crabtree , Juan M. Bello-Rivas , Ioannis G. Kevrekidis

We derived surface brightness profiles in the \emph{g} band for 170 Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) star clusters (SCs) mainly located in the central region of the galaxy. We provide a set of homogeneous structural parameters obtained by…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-08-18 M. Gatto , V. Ripepi , M. Bellazzini , M. Tosi , M. Cignoni , C. Tortora , S. Leccia , G. Clementini , E. K. Grebel , G. Longo , M. Marconi , I. Musella

We use simulations of LSS formation to study the build-up of magnetic fields (MFs) in the ICM. Our basic assumption is that cosmological MFs grow in a MHD amplification process driven by structure formation out of a seed MF present at high…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-12-09 Klaus Dolag , Dario Grasso , Volker Springel , Igor Tkachev

Long simulation times in climate sciences typically require coarse grids due to computational constraints. Nonetheless, unresolved subscale information significantly influences the prognostic variables and can not be neglected for reliable…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-02-22 Konrad Simon , Jörn Behrens