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We consider partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) modeling an agent that needs a supply of a certain resource (e.g., electricity stored in batteries) to operate correctly. The resource is consumed by agent's actions and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Michal Ajdarów , Šimon Brlej , Petr Novotný

We consider controller synthesis for stochastic and partially unknown environments in which safety is essential. Specifically, we abstract the problem as a Markov decision process in which the expected performance is measured using a cost…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-10-21 Sebastian Junges , Nils Jansen , Christian Dehnert , Ufuk Topcu , Joost-Pieter Katoen

We propose a compositional approach to synthesize policies for networks of continuous-space stochastic control systems with unknown dynamics using model-free reinforcement learning (RL). The approach is based on implicitly abstracting each…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-09 Abolfazl Lavaei , Mateo Perez , Milad Kazemi , Fabio Somenzi , Sadegh Soudjani , Ashutosh Trivedi , Majid Zamani

Planning robust executions under uncertainty is a fundamental challenge for building autonomous robots. Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) provide a standard framework for modeling uncertainty in many applications. In…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-05-10 Yue Wang , Swarat Chaudhuri , Lydia E. Kavraki

Besides the recent impressive results on reinforcement learning (RL), safety is still one of the major research challenges in RL. RL is a machine-learning approach to determine near-optimal policies in Markov decision processes (MDPs). In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Bettina Könighofer , Julian Rudolf , Alexander Palmisano , Martin Tappler , Roderick Bloem

A shield is attached to a system to guarantee safety by correcting the system's behavior at runtime. Existing methods that employ design-time synthesis of shields do not scale to multi-agent systems. Moreover, such shields are typically…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-02 Dhananjay Raju , Suda Bharadwaj , Ufuk Topcu

Planning plays an important role in the broad class of decision theory. Planning has drawn much attention in recent work in the robotics and sequential decision making areas. Recently, Reinforcement Learning (RL), as an agent-environment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-08-18 Kamyar Azizzadenesheli , Alessandro Lazaric , Animashree Anandkumar

We propose a framework for verifiable and compositional reinforcement learning (RL) in which a collection of RL subsystems, each of which learns to accomplish a separate subtask, are composed to achieve an overall task. The framework…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-13 Cyrus Neary , Aryaman Singh Samyal , Christos Verginis , Murat Cubuktepe , Ufuk Topcu

Many physical systems have underlying safety considerations that require that the policy employed ensures the satisfaction of a set of constraints. The analytical formulation usually takes the form of a Constrained Markov Decision Process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Aria HasanzadeZonuzy , Archana Bura , Dileep Kalathil , Srinivas Shakkottai

Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) have been widely used in many robotic applications for sequential decision-making under uncertainty. POMDP online planning algorithms such as Partially Observable Monte-Carlo Planning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Shili Sheng , David Parker , Lu Feng

Function approximation has enabled remarkable advances in applying reinforcement learning (RL) techniques in environments with high-dimensional inputs, such as images, in an end-to-end fashion, mapping such inputs directly to low-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Junlin Wu , Hussein Sibai , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik

Perception-related tasks often arise in autonomous systems operating under partial observability. This work studies the problem of synthesizing optimal policies for complex perception-related objectives in environments modeled by partially…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-08 Zetong Xuan , Yu Wang

Partial Observability -- where agents can only observe partial information about the true underlying state of the system -- is ubiquitous in real-world applications of Reinforcement Learning (RL). Theoretically, learning a near-optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Fan Chen , Yu Bai , Song Mei

Real-world decision-making problems are often partially observable, and many can be formulated as a Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP). When we apply reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms to the POMDP, reasonable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Soichiro Nishimori , Sotetsu Koyamada , Shin Ishii

In recent years, reinforcement learning has achieved many remarkable successes due to the growing adoption of deep learning techniques and the rapid growth in computing power. Nevertheless, it is well-known that flat reinforcement learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Le Pham Tuyen , Ngo Anh Vien , Abu Layek , TaeChoong Chung

This paper delves into the problem of safe reinforcement learning (RL) in a partially observable environment with the aim of achieving safe-reachability objectives. In traditional partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDP),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Xiaoyuan Cheng , Boli Chen , Liz Varga , Yukun Hu

This work pioneers regret analysis of risk-sensitive reinforcement learning in partially observable environments with hindsight observation, addressing a gap in theoretical exploration. We introduce a novel formulation that integrates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Tonghe Zhang , Yu Chen , Longbo Huang

This paper proposes a reinforcement learning method for controller synthesis of autonomous systems in unknown and partially-observable environments with subjective time-dependent safety constraints. Mathematically, we model the system…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Yu Wang , Alper Kamil Bozkurt , Miroslav Pajic

Compositionality is a critical aspect of scalable system design. Reinforcement learning (RL) has recently shown substantial success in task learning, but has only recently begun to truly leverage composition. In this paper, we focus on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Kevin Leahy , Makai Mann , Zachary Serlin

Scalability issues may prevent users from verifying critical properties of a complex hardware design. In this situation, we propose to synthesize a "safety shield" that is attached to the design to enforce the properties at run time. Shield…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-01-19 Roderick Bloem , Bettina Koenighofer , Robert Koenighofer , Chao Wang